Get the simplified Class 7 Science Extra Questions and Class 7th Curiosity Chapter 12 Earth Moon and the Sun Important Extra Question Answer with complete explanation.
Class 7 Science Chapter 12 Earth Moon and the Sun Extra Questions
Class 7 Science Chapter 12 Extra Questions on Earth Moon and the Sun
Earth Moon and the Sun Class 7 Very Short Question Answer
Question 1.
What causes day and night on Earth?
Answer:
Day and night occur due to the rotation of the Earth on its axis. As the Earth rotates, one side faces the Sun (day), while the opposite side is in darkness (night).
Question 2.
In which direction does the Earth rotate?
Answer:
The Earth rotates in an anti-clockwise direction from the North pole, which means it rotates from West to East.
Question 3.
Why does the Sun appear to rise in the East and set in the West?
Answer:
The Sun appears to rise in the East and set in the West because the Earth rotates from West to East. As the Earth rotates, different parts of it move in and out of sunlight.
Question 4.
How long does the Earth take to complete one full rotation?
Answer:
The Earth completes one full rotation in approximately 24 hours.
Question 5.
What is the effect of the Earth’s axial tilt on season?
Answer:
The Earth’s axial tilt causes different parts of the Earth to receive varying amounts of sunlight throughout the year, leading to the changing seasons.
Question 6.
How long does the Earth take to complete one revolution around the Sun?
Answer:
The Earth completes one revolution around the Sun in about 365 days and 6 hours.
Question 7.
Why do different stars appear in the night sky over the course of a year?
Answer:
The position of stars in the night sky changes due to the Earth’s revolution around the Sun. As Earth moves along its orbit, the stars visible at night also shift.
Question 8.
What is a lunar eclipse?
Answer:
A lunar eclipse occurs when the Earth comes between the Sun and the Moon, blocking sunlight from reaching the Moon. This casts a shadow on the moon.
Question 9.
How can we safely observe a solar eclipse?
Answer:
A solar eclipse should not be viewed directly with the naked eye. Special protective glasses or indirect methods (like using a mirror to project the image) should be used for safe viewing.
Question 10.
What is a solar eclipse?
Answer:
A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon comes between the Earth and the Sun, blocking the Sun’s light from reaching the Earth.
Earth Moon and the Sun Class 7 Short Question Answer
1. Why do the Sun, the Moon and the Earth not lie in one and the same line on every full Moon and new Moon day?
Answer:
(i) The orbital paths of the Earth around the sun and that of the moon around the Earth are not in the same plane.
(ii) The Moon’s revolutionary orbit makes an angle 5° with that of the Earth. Therefore, the Sun, the Moon, and the Earth do not lie in one and the same line on every full Moon day and new moon day.
Question 2.
Imagine a place on Earth where the day is extremely short in winter and very long in summer.
(i) What could be the reason behind such varying day lengths?
(ii) How does the Earth’s tilt and revolution around the Sun affect the seasons in such places?
Answer:
(i) The place is likely near the poles, and the varying day lengths are due to the tilt of the Earth’s axis.
When one hemisphere is tilted towards the Sun, it experiences longer days and when it is tilted away, it experiences shorter days.
(ii) The Earth’s axis is tilted at an angle of 23.5°. As the Earth revolves around the Sun, this tilt causes different parts of the Earth to receive varying amounts of sunlight throughout the year, leading to seasons and changes in day length.
Question 3.
A student observed the Moon in the night sky for a month and noticed changes in its shape every night.
(i) What is this changing appearance of the Moon called and why does it happen?
(ii) Explain how the positions of the Earth, Moon and Sun affect what we see from Earth?
Answer:
(i) This changing appearances are called the phases of the Moon and it happens because of the Moon’s revolution around the Earth.
(ii) As the Moon revolves around the Earth, different portions of its sunlit side are visible from Earth. This is due to the relative positions of the Earth, Moon and Sun causing phases like new moon, crescent, half moon and full moon.
Question 4.
When a total solar eclipse occurs, why is the partial eclipse also seen from the Earth?
Answer:
On a new Moon day if the Sun, the Moon and the Earth fall in one line and are in the same plane, the shadow of the Moon falls on the Earth. This shadow is of two types – the central portion of the shadow is darker and the periphery is light. In the area where the dark shadow falls, the Sun becomes completely invisible. Such an area experiences a total solar eclipse.
However during the same period at the places where the shadow can’t cover the Sun fully, the Sun disc appears partially covered. Such an area experiences partial solar eclipse. Thus when a total solar eclipse occurs, a partial eclipse is also seen from the Earth at other places.
Earth Moon and the Sun Class 7 Long Question Answer
Question 1.
Suppose you wake up everyday and notice that the Sun rises in the East and sets in the West.
(i) Explain why the Sun appears to move across the sky during the day?
(ii) How is the concept of a day related to this movement and what would happen if the Earth stopped rotating?
Answer:
(i) The Sun appears to move across the sky because the Earth rotates on its axis from West to East, making it look like the Sun is moving in the opposite direction,
(ii) A day is one complete rotation of the Earth on its axis, which takes about 24 hours. If the Earth stopped rotating, one side would always face the Sun and have permanent day, while the other side would have permanent night.
Question 2.
A traveler notices that in one part of the world, it is summer in June, while in another part, it is winter at the same time.
(i) Explain how the position of the Earth in its orbit- around the Sun causes this difference in seasons.
(ii) What role does the tilt of the Earth’s axis play in the formation of seasons and how would seasons be affected if the Earth were not tilted?
Answer:
(i) The difference in seasons occurs because the Earth revolves around the Sun in an elliptical orbit and due to its tilted axis, different hemispheres receive different amounts of Sunlight at different times of the year.
(ii) The Earth’s axis is tilted at 23.5°. When the Northern hemisphere is tilted towards the Sun, it experiences summer and the Southern hemisphere has winter and vice-versa. If the Earth were not tilted, there would be no seasonal variations.
Question 3.
(i) The revolutionary orbits of the Earth and the Moon are in the same plane.
(ii) Is it alright to observe a solar eclipse without protecting the eyes?
Answer:
(i) The revolutionary orbits of the Earth and the Moon are not in the same plane. The Moon’s revolutionary orbit makes an angle of 5° with that of the Earth.
(ii) it is harmful to observe a solar eclipse without protecting the eyes. While observing a solar eclipse, it is necessary to view the Sun disc through dark glasses or special goggles made for that purpose.
Question 4.
During a space science presentation, you learn that the Sun, Moon and Earth sometimes align in a straight line.
Describe the two types of eclipses that can occur during such alignments and explain how each occurs.
Answer:
A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon comes between the Earth and the Sun, casting a shadow on the Earth. A lunar eclipse happens when the Earth comes between the Sun and the Moon, casting its shadow on the Moon.
Question 5.
Complete the following table (Note: Answer is given directly).
| Details | Lunar Eclipse | Solar Eclipse |
| Phase of the Moon | Full Moon dav | New Moon day |
| Sequence | Moon-Earth-Sun | Earth-Moon-Sun |
| Types of eclipses | Total and Partial | Total. Partial |
| Maximum duration of the total eclipse | 107 minutes | 7 minutes and 20 seconds |
Earth Moon and the Sun Class 7 Case Based Questions
Question 1.
Sana was watching a documentary about space when she heard the narrator say, the Earth does not revolve A around the Sun in a perfect circle, but in an elliptical orbit. This made her curious because she always thought Earth’s orbit was circular. She wondered if this shape had any effect on how far the Earth is from the Sun at different times of the year and whether this affects the seasons. She also noticed that it is colder in January even though Earth is closer to the Sun during that time. Her science teacher helped her understand the concept by showing a model of the solar system in class.
(i) What is meant by an elliptical orbit and how is it different from a circular orbit?
Answer:
An elliptical orbit is an oval-shaped path. Unlike a the Sun remains the same at all points, in an ellipse, the distance changes. Sometimes Earth is closer to the Sun (perihelion) and sometimes it is farther away (aphelion).
(ii) If the Earth is closest to the Sun in january, why is it winter in the Northern hemisphere at that time?
Answer:
The seasons are not caused by the Earth’s distance from the Sun but by the tilt of Earth’s axis. In January, the Northern hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun, so it gets less direct Sunlight, resulting in winter despite the Earth being closer to the Sun.
(iii) How does the elliptical shape of Earth’s orbit affect the length of seasons?
Answer:
Because Earth moves faster when it is closer to the Sun (due to gravitational pull), the winter and autumn seasons in the Northern hemisphere are slightly shorter, while spring and summer are a bit longer. This variation is minor but real.
(iv) Does the Earth’s distance from the Sun affect the seasons? Why or why not?
Answer:
The Earth’s distance from the Sun does not directly affect the seasons. The main reason for seasons is the tilt of the Earth’s axis. While Earth is slightly closer to the Sun during perihelion (January) and farther during aphelion (July), it is the tilt that causes some regions to receive more Sunlight in summer and less in winter.
Earth Moon and the Sun Class 7 Skill Based Questions
Question 1.
The diagram below shows Earth’s tilted axis and its position in different seasons (Summer solstice, Winter solstice and Equinoxes). The Earth’s axis is tilted at 23.5°. Analyze the diagram and explain how Earth’s tilt causes the seasons.
Answer:
The Earth is tilted at an angle of 23.5° and it moves around the Sun. Because of this tilt, different parts of the Earth get different amounts of sunlight during the year. When the North pole tilts toward the Sun, it is summer in the Northern Hemisphere. When the South pole tilts toward the Sun, it is winter in the Northern Hemisphere. On the days called equinoxes, both hemispheres get equal sunlight. This tilt of the Earth is the main reason why we have different seasons.
Question 2.
On 21st June, which hemisphere receives more sunlight? What season is it there?
Answer:
On 21st June, the Northern Hemisphere receives more sunlight. It is summer in the Northern Hemisphere and winter in the Southern Hemisphere.
Question 3.
What would happen, if Earth did not revolve around the Sun?
Answer:
If Earth did not revolve around the Sun, we would not have different seasons. The same part of the Earth would always face the Sun and one place would always be hot and another always cold.
Earth Moon and the Sun Extra Questions for Practice
Question 1.
What is the axis tilt of the Earth?
Question 2.
What do you call the point in the Earth’s orbit when it is farthest from the Sun?
Question 3.
What is the difference between a lunar eclipse and a solar eclipse?
Question 4.
Why do we experience seasons on Earth?
Question 5.
Explain why the Moon appears to change its shape throughout the month?
Question 6.
How does the Earth’s tilted axis affect the length of days and nights in different seasons?
Question 7.
Describe the process of a solar eclipse in detail. Include the alignment of the Sun, Earth and Moon and explain why a solar eclipse can only occur during a new Moon. Additionally, discuss the different types of solar eclipses (total, partial and annular).