Get the simplified Class 10 Science Extra Questions and Class 7th Curiosity Chapter 10 Life Processes in Plants Important Extra Question Answer with complete explanation.
Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Life Processes in Plants Extra Questions
Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Extra Questions on Life Processes in Plants
Life Processes in Plants Class 10 Very Short Question Answer
Question 1.
Which parts of the plants are called food factories of the plant?
Answer:
Leaves are referred to as food factories of plants, because leaves synthesise food by the process of photosynthesis.
Question 2.
The tiny openings present on the leaf surface help in gaseous exchange. What are they called?
Answer:
Stomata are the tiny openings present on the surface of leaves through which gaseous exchange takes place in plants.
Question 3.
Except plants, why cannot other living organisms prepare their food using CO 2, water and minerals?
Answer:
Other living organisms do not contain chlorophyll for absorbing solar energy which is necessary for preparing food using carbon dioxide and water.
Question 4.
Some, plants have red, brown and violet pigment. Do these leaves carry out photosynthesis?
Answer:
The leaves other than green also have chlorophyll. The large amount of red and brown pigments mask the green colour. Photosynthesis takes place in these leaves also.
Question 5.
Which tissue helps in transporting the food made in leaves to other parts of the plant and where can this food be stored?
Answer:
Phloem transports food from the leaves to other parts of the plant. The food can be stored in parts like seeds and roots.
Question 6.
Sometimes we see that farmers loosen the soil. What is the reason behind it?
Answer:
The farmers sometimes loosen the soil. This helps the roots to respire through the air present in the space between soil particles.
Question 7.
All organisms breathe in O2 and breathe out CO2. Should not there be less O2 and excess of CO2 in our environment.
Answer:
All organisms breathe in O2 and breathe out CO2. The CO2 released by us is used by plants during the process of photosynthesis and they release O2. This maintains a balance between O2 and CO2 in the atmosphere.
Question 8.
A student reads that all parts of a plant, whether green or non-green, carry out a certain process to release energy for growth and development. Name this process.
Answer:
Respiration
Question 9.
Respiration is a continuous process. What is the need for it to be continuous rather than being like photosynthesis?
Answer:
Process of respiration yields energy, which is required to perform a variety of activities. Thus, it needs to be a continuous process.
Question 10.
In an experiment shown below, which gas is collected in the inverted test tube of set up A?
Answer:
The gas collected in the inverted test tube of setup A is oxygen, which is released by the water plant during photosynthesis in the presence of sunlight.
Life Processes in Plants Class 10 Short Question Answer
Question 1.
Sunlight, chlorophyll, carbon dioxide, water and minerals are raw materials essential for photosynthesis. Do you know where they are available? Fill in the blanks with the appropriate raw materials. Sunlight, chlorophyll, carbon dioxide, water and minerals are raw materials essential for photosynthesis. Do you know where they are available?
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate raw materials.
(a) Available in the plant: ______
(b) Available in the soil: ______
(c) Available in the air: ______
(d) Available during day: ______
Answer:
(a) Available in the plant: chlorophyll
(b) Available in the soil: water, minerals
(c) Available in the air: carbon dioxide
(d) Available during day: sunlight
Question 2.
A leaf exposed to sunlight was tested with iodine. Only its green areas turned blue-black, while non-green areas did not. What does this result reveal about the role of chlorophyll in starch formation and why do non-green areas fail to show the blue-black colour?
Answer:
Chlorophyll is essential for photosynthesis and subsequent starch production; the green areas, which contain chlorophyll, produced starch and turned blue-black. Non-green areas lack enough chlorophyll to carry out photosynthesis, so they do not produce detectable starch and remain unstained.
Question 3.
In the given diagram, what will happen to the leaf inside the bottle and why?
Answer:
The leaf inside the bottle will not produce starch because it is deprived of carbon dioxide. Since photosynthesis requires carbon dioxide, the portion of the leaf inside the bottle will not be able to synthesise food and therefore, no starch will be formed in that part of the leaf.
Question 4.
State the four essential requirements for photosynthesis and write its word equation.
Answer:
The four essential requirements for photosynthesis are sunlight, water, carbon dioxide and chlorophyll. The equation of photosynthesis is as follows
Question 5.
Identify ‘X’ In the given diagram and mention Its significance.
Answer:
‘X’ in the given diagram is stomata. These are small openings on the surface of leaves. They help in the exchange of gases by allowing carbon dioxide to enter and oxygen to exit. Stomata also control the release of water vapour through transpiration. This helps the plant to maintain water balance and stay cool.
Question 6.
An experiment was conducted using two tumblers-one with plain water and one with red-coloured water. A plant was placed in each tumbler. The next day, red colour was seen in the stem, leaves and flowers of the plant kept in the red-coloured water. What does this experiment show about the movement of water in plants and through which part is this movement taking place?
Answer:
This experiment shows that water moves from the roots to other parts of the plant. The red colour appeared in the stem, leaves and flowers because the coloured water was transported through a tissue called xylem.
Question 7.
Differenciate between Xylem and Phloem.
Answer:
The differences between xylem and phloem are as follows
| Xylem | Phloem |
| Xylem transports water and minerals. | Phloem transports food (mainly/starch). |
| Xylem carries materials in only one direction upward from roots to leaves. | Phloem carries materials in both directions from leaves to other parts of the plant. |
Question 8.
Explain the process of respiration in plants and mention its importance.
Answer:
During respiration, glucose is broken down in the presence of oxygen to release carbon dioxide, water and energy.
Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy
The energy released is used by plants for their growth and development. All parts of a plant, whether green or non-green, perform respiration.
Life Processes in Plants Class 10 Long Question Answer
Question 1.
Describe the process by which plants prepare their food using different raw materials.
Answer:
The process by which green plants can prepare their own food is called photosynthesis. Green plants possess chlorophyll in their leaf and utilises carbon dioxide (from air) water, minerals (from soil, through root) as raw material and sunlight as source of energy and convert light energy into chemical energy. The food, thus synthesised is in the form of carbohydrate. The overall reaction for photosynthesis can be given as follows.
Question 2.
Like humans and animals, transportation of water, mineral and nutrients also take place in plants. How?
Answer:
Like humans and animals, plants also have a transportation system that helps in the movement of water, minerals and nutrients to different parts of the plant. This system works through two types of conducting tissues-Xylem and Phloem.
• Xylem is responsible for transporting water and minerals. Water is absorbed by the roots from the soil. Along with dissolved minerals, it moves upward through the xylem vessels to the stem, branches and leaves.
• Phloem, on the other hand, transports the food prepared by leaves during photosynthesis to other parts of the plant. This food, mainly in the form of sugar (glucose), is distributed to growing parts like buds, fruits and roots where it is either used or stored. Unlike xylem, phloem can transport substances both upward and downward depending on the plant’s needs.
Question 3.
Design an experiment to prove that all parts of a plant, whether green or non-green, carry out respiration.
Answer:
Aim To demonstrate that all parts of a plant release carbon dioxide during respiration.
Materials Required A plant branch (green and woody parts), airtight jars, lime water in test tubes, rubber stoppers and sealing clay.
Procedure
- Take a healthy plant branch with both green and woody parts.
- Place the branch inside an airtight jar and seal it properly.
- Connect a test tube with lime water to the jar using a rubber stopper.
- Leave the setup undisturbed for a few hours.
- Observe any changes in the lime water in the test tube. Observation Lime water in the test tube turns milky, indicating the presence of carbon dioxide.
Conclusion:
The milky lime water confirms that respiration occurs in both green and woody parts of the plant, as carbon dioxide is released.
Question 4.
It is not wise to sleep under a tree during night. Why?
Answer:
During the day, plants photosynthesise in the presence of sunlight and uses CO2 produced during respiration. During this process O2 is released as a byproduct and a balance between O2 and CO2 is maintained in the atmosphere. But at night, plants do not photosynthesise. Moreover, during night they produce CO2 and take in O2 during respiration.
This leads to an increase in the proportion of CO2 in the air. So, if one sleeps under a tree at night, he will have difficulty in breathing, as the amount of CO2 in the surrounding air will be higher then the amount of oxygen, oxygen. Therefore, it is not advisable to sleep under trees at night because the person will suffer from suffocation and will feel excess weight in the chest.
Life Processes in Plants Class 10 Case Based Questions
Question 1.
Radha kept two plants in her garden. One was placed in a sunny spot where it received direct sunlight, while the other was placed in a shaded area with limited light. After two weeks, Radha observed significant differences in the condition of both plants.
(i) Which plant is likely to be healthier after two weeks and why?
(ii) What will happen to the plant placed in the shaded area over time?
(iii) How does sunlight affect the process of photosynthesis in plants?
Answer:
(i) The plant in the sunny spot will be healthier because it receives adequate sunlight for photosynthesis, which is essential for its growth and survival.
(ii) The plant in the shaded area will experience poor growth and may eventually die because it lacks sufficient sunlight, which is necessary for photosynthesis.
(iii) Sunlight is crucial for photosynthesis because it provides the energy needed for plants to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose, which is used for growth and energy. Without sufficient sunlight, photosynthesis cannot occur efficiently
Question 2.
In the given experiment, Setup A includes a burning candle and a mouse placed under a glass jar. Setup B includes a green plant along with the candle and the mouse under the jar. In Setup A, after a short time, both the flame and the mouse died, while in Setup B, the candle continued to burn longer and the mouse stayed alive for a longer period.
(i) What gas do plants release during photosynthesis that supports the candle’s burning and the mouse’s breathing?
(ii) What might have happened if the green plant had not been present in Setup B?
(iii) Why did the candle continue to burn longer and the mouse stay alive for a longer period in Setup B?.
Answer:
(i) Plants release oxygen during photosynthesis. Oxygen supports both combustion (burning of the candle) and respiration (breathing of the mouse).
(ii) If the green plant had not been present in Setup B, the oxygen level would not have been replenished. As a result, the candle would have gone out and the mouse would have died due to a lack of oxygen, just like in Setup A.
(iii) In Setup B, the green plant performed photosynthesis in the presence of light, releasing oxygen. This oxygen allowed the candle to burn longer and provided the mouse with breathable air, helping it survive for a longer period.
Life Processes in Plants Class 10 Skill Based Questions
Question 1.
Take three potted plants, name them A, B and C. Keep the pot A in sunlight, but do not water it keep the pot B in the dark room, but water it regularly and keep the pot C in the sunlight cover it with black polythene bag and water it regularly. Repeat this for 3-4 days. Which among these will give positive iodine test?
Answer:
None of the plants will give a positive iodine test. Plant A lacks water, plant B lacks sunlight, and plant C is covered with a black polythene bag, blocking light. Since, all three conditions prevent photosynthesis, no starch is formed, resulting in a negative iodine test for all.
Question 2.
Visit a greenhouse if there is one near your place. Observe how they grow plants? Find out how they regulate the amount of light, water and carbon dioxide to grow the plants.
Answer:
In a greenhouse, plants are grown under controlled conditions to ensure healthy growth. Light is regulated using transparent walls, shade nets, or artificial lights. Water is provided through systems like drip irrigation. Carbon dioxide levels are maintained by ensuring proper ventilation or by adding CO2 when needed. This helps in maximizing photosynthesis and improving plant yield.
Question 3.
Roots of the plants get oxygen from the air present in the spaces between the soil particles. Find out how the plants living in the marshy areas respire?
Answer:
Plants Living in marshy areas respire through special roots called pneumatophores. These roots grow upward above the water or mud surface and have small pores (lenticels) that allow oxygen to enter. This adaptation helps the plants survive in waterlogged, low-oxygen soil conditions.
Question 4.
Create a bottle garden by planting a growing plant, such as a spider plant or jade plant, in a large transparent bottle. After the plant has grown well for some time, seal the mouth of the bottle.
Observe the plant’s growth and based on your observations, explain how the plant inside the sealed bottle manages to grow, considering the exchange of gases. What processes are involved in maintaining the plant’s health inside the closed environment?
Answer:
In the sealed bottle garden, the plant continues to grow by maintaining its own mini ecosystem. During the day, it performs photosynthesis using sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make food and release oxygen. At night, it respires using the stored food and releases carbon dioxide. The moisture inside the bottle recycles through evaporation and condensation, keeping the plant hydrated. Together, photosynthesis, respiration, and the water cycle help maintain balance, allowing the plant to survive and grow in a closed environment.
Question 5.
How are plant processes like photosynthesis, respiration and water and food transportation crucial for crop production?
Answer:
Photosynthesis helps plants produce food (glucose) using sunlight, carbon dioxide and water, which is essential for their growth and development. Respiration allows plants to release energy from this food for various life processes like cell division and nutrient transport. Water and food transportation through xylem and phloem ensures that nutrients, minerals, and water reach all parts of the plant. These processes are crucial for healthy crop growth, flowering, and fruiting, directly impacting the quantity and quality of crop production.
Life Processes in Plants Extra Questions for Practice
Question 1.
The iodine on starch produces which type of colour?
Question 2.
What is the colour of chlorophyll present in leaf?
Question 3.
From where does the root absorb water and minerals?
Question 4.
Why green plants are called autotrophic organisms?
Question 5.
Write the differences between
(i) Xylem and Phloem
(ii) Photosynthesis and Respiration
Question 6.
Design an experiment to observe that sunlight is necessary for photosynthesis in plants.
Question 7.
Elplain how water minerals and food are transported in plants?