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The Age of Industrialisation Class 10 MCQs Questions with Answers
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Question 1.
In many industries where production fluctuated with the season, industrialists, usually preferred:
(a) Indentured labour
(b) Machines
(c) Hand labour
(d) All of the above
Answer
Answer: (c) Hand labour
Industrialists preferred hand labour where production fluctuated with the season.
Question 2.
Machines were oriented to produce:
(а) Fancy dresses standardised goods for a few people
(b) Uniforms for a mass market
(c) Uniforms, standardised goods for a mass market
(d) None of the above
Answer
Answer: (c) Uniforms, standardised goods for a mass market
All that time, merchants were oriented to producing uniforms, standardised goods for a mass market.
Question 3.
In mid-nineteenth century in Britain; 500 varieties of ……………………… were produced and 45 kinds of ………………………
(a) Fancy dresses, uniforms
(b) Cups, plates
(c) Hammers, axes
(d) All the above
Answer
Answer: (c) Hammers, axes
In mid-nineteenth century in Britain 500 varieties of hammers were produced and 45 kinds of axes.
Question 4.
The upper classes the aristocrats and the bourgeoisie preferred things produced by:
(a) Machines
(b) Hand
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of the above
Answer
Answer: (b) Hand
The upper classes the aristocrats preferred goods made by hand.
Question 5.
After the busy season was over, the poor :
(a) Went to their villages
(b) Went to the countryside
(c) Went on the streets again
(d) None of the above
Answer
Answer: (c) Went on the streets again
The poor people were employed seasonally and thus after the busy season they were in the streets again.
Question 6.
In the early nineteenth century wages:
(a) Increased
(b) Decreased
(c) Remained the same
(d) None of the above
Answer
Answer: (a) Increased
Wages increased somewhat in the early nineteenth century.
Question 7.
When the ……………………… was introduced in the woollen industry, women who survived on hand spinning began attacking the new machine.
(a) Spinning Jenny
(b) Spinning Combine
(c) Spinning Penny
(d) none of the above
Answer
Answer: (a) Spinning Jenny
With the introduction of Spinning Jenny, women began attacking the new machines.
Question 8.
Coarser cottons were produced in many countries, but the fine varieties often came from:
(a) China
(b) Japan
(c) Bangladesh
(d) India
Answer
Answer: (d) India
Fine cotton was produced in India because of better soil and climatic factors.
Question 9.
Masulipatam on the Coromandel coast and Hoogly in Bengal had trade links with:
(а) North-East Asian Ports
(b) South-East Asian Ports
(c) North-East Asian Ports
(d) South-East Asian Ports
Answer
Answer: (d) South-East Asian Ports
Masulipatam had trade links with South-East Asian Ports.
Question 10.
The French, Dutch, Portuguese as well as the local traders competed in the market:
(а) T secure raw clothes
(b) To secure finished clothes
(c) To secure woven clothes
(d) None of the above
Answer
Answer: (c) To secure woven clothes
They wanted to acquire woven cloth.
Question 11.
The company appointed a paid servant to supervise weavers. He was called:
(a) Officers
(b) Tehsildar
(c) Gomastha
(d) none of the above
Answer
Answer: (c) Gomastha
He was known as Gomastha.
Question 12.
The first cotton mill in Bombay came up in :
(a) 1852
(b) 1853
(c) 1854
(d) 1855
Answer
Answer: (c) 1854
The first cotton mill came up in 1854 and it went into production two years later.
Question 13.
The history of many business groups goes back to trade with:
(a) Japan
(b) Britain
(c) USA
(d) China
Answer
Answer: (d) China
China had trade links with many countries.
Question 14.
The Marwari businessman who set up the first Indian jute mill in Calcutta in 1917 was:
(a) Seth Hukumchand
(b) Seth Manikchand
(c) Seth Ramchand
(d) None of the above
Answer
Answer: (a) Seth Hukumchand
Seth Hukumchand set up the first Indian jute mill in Calcutta in 1917.
Question 15.
Advertisements of Indian manufacturers became a vehicle of the nationalist message of:
(a) Purely Indian
(b) Purely English
(c) Swadeshi
(d) None of the
Answer
Answer: (c) Swadeshi
Indian manufactures became a vehicle of the nationalist message and thus their advertisements were called swadeshi messages.
Question 16.
E.T. Pauli produced a music book that had a picture on the cover page announcing the:
(a) ‘Dawn of the year’
(b) ‘Dawn of the Century’
(c) ‘Dawn of the country’
(d) none of the above
Answer
Answer: (b) ‘Dawn of the Century’
In 1900, a popular music publisher E.T. Pauli produced a music book that had a picture on the cover page announcing the ‘Dawn of the Century’.
Question 17.
Most historians refer to the phase of industrialisation as:
(a) Dawn-industrialisation
(b) Present-industrialisation
(c) Proto-industrialisation
(d) None of the above
Answer
Answer: (c) Proto-industrialisation
Many historians refer to the phase of industrialisation as proto-industrialisation. ‘Proto’ means the first of early form of something.
Question 18.
In the countryside poor peasants and artisans began working:
(a) For the king
(b) For the richmen
(c) For merchants
(d) All the above
Answer
Answer: (c) For merchants
Merchants were rich people, who had astisans and the poor working for them.
Question 19.
Merchants were based in towns but the work was done mostly:
(a) On the roadside
(b) In their houses
(c) In the countryside
(d) All the above
Answer
Answer: (c) In the countryside
Though merchants were based in towns the work was done mostly in the countryside.
Question 20.
A merchant clothier in England, purchased wool from a wool stapler and:
(a) Carried it to the spinners
(b) Carried it to the weaver
(c) Carried it to the factory
(d) None of the above
Answer
Answer: (a) Carried it to the spinners
A merchant clothier in England purchased wool for a wool stapler, and carried it to the spinners.
Question 21.
The finishing of the cloth was done in ……………………… before the export merchants sold the cloth in the international market.
(a) US
(b) Sydney
(c) London
(d) Moscow
Answer
Answer: (c) London
All the finishing was done in London before the export merchant sold the cloth in the international market.
Question 22.
The proto-industrial system was a part of a network of:
(a) Commercial exchanges
(b) Loose exchanges
(c) A global exchanges
(d) All the above
Answer
Answer: (a) commercial exchanges
The proto-industrial system was a part of a network of commercial exchanges. It was controlled by merchants and the goods were produced by a vast number of producers.
Question 23.
The earliest factories in England came up by the:
(a) 1720s
(b) 1730s
(c) 1740s
(d) 1750s
Answer
Answer: (b) 1730s
The earliest factories in England came up by the 1730s.
Question 24.
In the early nineteenth century, ……………………… increasingly became an intimate part of the English landscape.
(a) Quantity
(b) Quality
(c) Factories
(d) Agriculture
Answer
Answer: (c) Factories
In the early nineteenth century, factories became an intimate part of the English landscape.
Question 25.
The most dynamic industries in Britain were clearly:
(а) Cotton and jute
(b) Jute and metals
(c) Cotton and metals
(d) Only metals
Answer
Answer: (c) Cotton and metals
In Britain, at that time the most dynamic industries were cotton and metals.
Question 26.
With the expansion of railways, in England the demand for:
(a) Cotton and jute increased rapidly
(b) Cotton increased rapidly
(c) Iron and steel increased rapidly
(d) None of the above
Answer
Answer: (c) Iron and steel increased rapidly
Iron and steel industry developed with the help of railways and roadways. Thus, with the expansion of railways, the demand for iron and steel industries developed rapidly.
Question 27.
The Spinning Jenny was devised by:
(a) James Watt
(b) James Hargreaves
(c) Mathew Boultom
(d) Andrew Yule
Answer
Answer: (b) James Hargreaves
In 1764, the Spinning Jenny was devised by James Hargreaves. This machine speeded up the spinning process and reduced the demand for labour.
Question 28.
The steam engine produced by Newcomen was patented with a new engine by:
(a) James Scott
(b) James Chat
(c) James Watt
(d) none of the above
Answer
Answer: (c) James Watt
James Watt made some changes in the steam engine made by New comen.
Question 29.
At the beginning of the nineteenth century, there were no more than ……………………… steam engines.
(a) 299
(6) 320
(c) 321
(d) 319
Answer
Answer: (c) 321
There were no more than 321 steam engines at the beginning of the nineteenth century.
Question 30.
In 19th century Britain there was:
(a) Shortage of human labour
(b) No shortage of human labour
(c) Surplus human labour
(d) None of the above
Answer
Answer: (b) No shortage of human
labour
In Victorian Britain, labour was surplus and thus there was no shortage of human labour.
Write true (T) or false (F)
1. Rulers granted different quilds the monopoly right to produce and trade in specific products.
Answer
Answer: True
2. Merchants were based on towns and the work was mostly done in the towns.
Answer
Answer: False
3. London, at that time, came to be known as a finishing centre.
Answer
Answer: True
4. The proto-industrial system was a part of a network of commercial exchanges.
Answer
Answer: True
5. At each stage of production 30 to 35 workers were employed by each merchant.
Answer
Answer: False
6. In the late eighteenth century, the number of factories multiplied.
Answer
Answer: True
7. The first symbol of the new era was cotton.
Answer
Answer: True
8. By 1787, the import soared to 32 million pounds.
Answer
Answer: False
9. Richard Arkwright created the cotton mill.
Answer
Answer: True
10. In the late nineteenth century, factories became an intimate part of the English landscape.
Answer
Answer: False
11. The most dynamic industries in Britain were clearly cotton and metals.
Answer
Answer: True
12. By 1873, Britain was exporting iron and steel work about £ 77 million, double the value of its cotton export.
Answer
Answer: True
13. Technological changes spread rapidly across the industrial landscape.
Answer
Answer: False
14. At the late nineteenth century, there were no more than 321 steam engines all over England.
Answer
Answer: False
15. In Victorian Britain there was no shortage of human labour.
Answer
Answer: True
16. In many industries the demand for labour was seasonal.
Answer
Answer: True
17. Gas works and breweries were especially busy through out the hot months.
Answer
Answer: False
18. At the water front, winter was the time that ships were repaired and spruced up.
Answer
Answer: True
19. A range of products could be produced only with hand labour.
Answer
Answer: True
20. Machine-made goods were made for export to the colonies.
Answer
Answer: True
21. A abundance of labour in the market did not affect the lives of workers.
Answer
Answer: False
22. Seasonality of work in many industries meant prolonged periods without work.
Answer
Answer: True
23. Wages decreased somewhat in the early nineteenth century.
Answer
Answer: False
24. The fear of employment made workers hostile to the introduction of new technology.
Answer
Answer: True
25. After the 1850s, building activity intensified in the cities, opening up greater opportunities of employment.
Answer
Answer: False
26. Before the age of machine industries, silk and cotton goods from India dominated the international market in
textiles.
Answer
Answer: True
27. Supply merchants linked the port towi is to the inland regions.
Answer
Answer: True
28 By the 1760s, the network controlled by the Indian merchants was breaking down.
Answer
Answer: False
29. Trade through the new ports came to be controlled by European companies, and was carried in European ships.
Answer
Answer: True
30. The French, Dutch, Portuguese as well as the local traders competed in the market to secure woven cloth.
Answer
Answer: True
Match the following
1.
Column-I | Column-II | Column-III |
1. In the late eighteenth century | (a) the number of double the | (A) metals |
2. The most dynamic industries in Britaii | (b) value of its | (B) was seasonal |
3. By 1873, Britain was exporting iron and steel | (c) were cotton and | (C) labour |
4. In many industries the demand | (d) for labour | (D) factories multiplies |
5. Industrialists usual preferred | (e) hand | (E) cotton export |
Answer
Answer:
Column-I | Column-II | Column-III |
1. In the late eighteenth century | (a) the number of double the | (D) factories multiplies |
2. The most dynamic industries in Britaii | (c) were cotton and | (A) metals |
3. By 1873, Britain was exporting iron and steel | (b) value of its | (E) cotton export |
4. In many industries the demand | (d) for labour | (B) was seasonal |
5. Industrialists usual preferred | (e) hand | (C) labour |
2.
Column-A | Column-B |
1. Orient | (а) the early form of something. |
2. Porto | (b) a person who gathers cloth by pleating. |
3. Stapler | (c) the process in which fibres are prepared prior to spinning. |
4. Fuller | (d) a person who ‘staples’. |
5. Carding | (e) term referring to countries of Asia. |
Answer
Answer:
Column-A | Column-B |
1. Orient | (e) term referring to countries of Asia. |
2. Porto | (а) the early form of something. |
3. Stapler | (d) a person who ‘staples’. |
4. Fuller | (b) a person who gathers cloth by pleating. |
5. Carding | (c) the process in which fibres are prepared prior to spinning. |
3.
Column-A | Column-B |
1. Gomastha | (a) trading ports |
2. Spinning Jenny | (b) 1854 |
3. Bombay and Calcutta | (c) a spinning machine |
4. First cotton mill came up in | (d) 1860s |
5. Elgin Mill started in Kanpur | (e) a paid servant |
Answer
Answer:
Column-A | Column-B |
1. Gomastha | (e) a paid servant |
2. Spinning Jenny | (c) a spinning machine |
3. Bombay and Calcutta | (a) trading ports |
4. First cotton mill came up in | (b) 1854 |
5. Elgin Mill started in Kanpur | (d) 1860s |
Fill in the blanks
1. A range of ……………………… could be produced only with hand labour.
Answer
Answer: products
2. ……………………… products came to symbolize refinement and class.
Answer
Answer: Handmade
3. The ……………………… of labour in the market affected the lives of workers.
Answer
Answer: abundance
4. ……………………… of work in many industries meant prolonged periods without work.
Answer
Answer: Seasonality
5. Till the mid-nineteenth century, about ……………………… per cent of the urban population were extremely poor.
Answer
Answer: 10
6. The fear of ……………………… made workers hostile to the introduction of new technology.
Answer
Answer: unemployment
7. The spinning wheel was devised by James Hargreaves in ……………………… .
Answer
Answer: 1764
8. After the 1840s, ……………………… activity intensified in the cities, opening up greater opportunities of employment.
Answer
Answer: building
9. The number of workers employed in the transport industry doubled in the 1840s and doubled again in the subsequent ……………………… years.
Answer
Answer: 30
10. Before the age of machine industries, silk and cotton goods from ……………………… dominated the international market in textiles.
Answer
Answer: India
11. ……………………… cottons were produced in many countries, but the finer varieties often came from India.
Answer
Answer: Coarser
12. The French, ………………………, Portuguese as well as the local traders competed in the market to secure woven cloth.
Answer
Answer: Dutch
13. The company appointed a paid servant called the ……………………… to supervise weavers, collect supplies, and examine the quality of cloth.
Answer
Answer: gomastha
14. ………………………, a company official, had ventured to say that the demand for Indian textiles could never reduce, since no other nation produced goods of the same quality.
Answer
Answer: Henry Patullo
15. By the end of the nineteenth century weavers and ……………………… faced many problems.
Answer
Answer: Crafts people
16. By ……………………… four mills were at work with 94,000 spindles and 2150 looms.
Answer
Answer: 1862
17. In Bengal, ……………………… made his fortune in the China trade before he turned to industrial investment.
Answer
Answer: Dwarkanath Tagore
18. Some merchants from Madras traded with ……………………… .
Answer
Answer: Burma
19. Over 50 percent workers in the Bombay cotton industries in 1911 came from the neighbouring district of ……………………… .
Answer
Answer: Ratnagiri
20. Like the images of gods, figures of important ………………………, of emperors and Nawabs, adorned advertisement and calenders.
Answer
Answer: personages
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