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Indian Economy 1950-1990 Class 12 MCQs Questions with Answers
Choose the correct alternative.
Question 1.
Which one of the following measures was not a part of tenancy reforms?
(a) fixation of land ceiling
(b) regulation of rent
(c) ownership rights for tenants
(d) security of tenure
Answer
Answer: (a) fixation of land ceiling
Question 2.
Which of the following industry was not reserved for the government in Industrial Policy Resolution, 1956?
(a) Iron and steel
(b) Transport
(c) Atomic energy
(d) Railway transport
Answer
Answer: (a) Iron and steel
Question 3.
The motive behind the introduction of land reforms in India was __________
(a) self-sufficiency in food grains
(b) agricultural development
(c) equity in agriculture
(d) industrial development
Answer
Answer: (c) equity in agriculture
Question 4.
When was NITI Aayog established?
(a) 1991
(b) 2001
(c) 2011
(d) 2015
Answer
Answer: (d) 2015
Question 5.
Land ceiling refers to _________
(a) fixing rural landholding at the existing level
(b) fixing the quantum of land held by an individual
(c) fixing urban landholdings at the existing level
(d) fixing land area for irrigation purposes
Answer
Answer: (b) fixing the quantum of land held by an individual
Question 6.
In which of the following types of economy are resources owned privately and the main objective behind economic activities is profit-making?
(a) Capitalist
(b) Socialist
(c) Mixed
(d) Global
Answer
Answer: (a) Capitalist
Question 7.
Which of the following is the main objective of carrying out various economic activities?
(a) Profit
(b) Public welfare
(c) Competition
(d) Equality
Answer
Answer: (b) Public welfare
Question 8.
When was the National Development Council (NDC) set up as an adjunct to the Planning Commission?
(a) 1950
(b) 1969
(c) 1952
(d) 1979
Answer
Answer: (c) 1952
Question 9.
What is needed to provide protection against natural calamities like floods, drought, locusts, thunderstorms, etc.?
(a) Multiple cropping
(b) Green Revolution
(c) Crop insurance
(d) HYV
Answer
Answer: (c) Crop insurance
Question 10.
How many industries have been reserved for the public sector under Industrial Policy Resolution, 1956?
(a) 17
(b) 21
(c) 15
(d) 2
Answer
Answer: (a) 17
Fill in the blanks with the correct word.
Question 11.
________ planning includes all spheres of economic and social activities.
Answer
Answer: Comprehensive
Question 12.
________ is the Chairman of the Planning Commission.
Answer
Answer: Prime Minister
Question 13.
Full employment and equitable distribution of income and wealth are the _______ objectives of planning in India.
Answer
Answer: long-term
Question 14.
__________ combined with social justice is the principal goal of planning in India.
Answer
Answer: Economic growth
Question 15.
Modernisation means adoption of new technology and a change in __________
Answer
Answer: social outlook
Question 16.
Planning in India started with a heavy reliance on the _________ sector.
Answer
Answer: Public
Question 17.
Land Reforms were introduced to make tillers the owners of the land and bring about __________ in agriculture.
Answer
Answer: equity
Question 18.
Import Substitution policy was introduced to protect the _________ from foreign competition.
Answer
Answer: domestic industries
State whether the following statements are True or False.
Question 19.
In a capitalist economy, production takes place for selling the output in the market with a profit motive.
Answer
Answer: True
Question 20.
Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru and many other leaders favoured capitalism for independent India.
Answer
Answer: False
Question 21.
Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru is regarded as the architect of Indian planning.
Answer
Answer: False
Question 22.
Land Reforms were introduced to make tillers the owners of the land.
Answer
Answer: True
Question 23.
Under Industrial Policy Resolution (IPR), 1956, Category II of the industrial sector includes industries jointly owned and controlled by the private sector and the state.
Answer
Answer: True
Question 24.
Quotas are tax on imported goods while tariffs specify the number of goods which can be imported.
Answer
Answer: False
Match the alternatives given in Column II with respective terms in Column I.
Question 25.
| Column I | Column II |
| (i) Objective of the capitalist economy | (a) 1956 |
| (ii) Objective of a socialist economy | (b) Controlled and managed by the government |
| (iii) Private Sector | (c) 1952 |
| (iv) Public Sector | (d) 1950 |
| (v) Adoption of Industrial Policy Resolution | (e) Maximising social welfare |
| (vi) Industrial licensing started in India | (f) 2015 |
| (vii) Constitution of Planning Commission | (g) 1967-68 |
| (viii) Establishment of NITI Aayog | (h) Controlled and managed by individuals |
| (ix) Introduction of New Industrial Policy | (i) 1991 |
| (x) Introduction of Green Revolution | (j) Profit |
Answer
Answer:
| Column I | Column II |
| (i) Objective of capitalist economy | (j) Profit |
| (ii) Objective of socialist economy | (e) Maximising social welfare |
| (iii) Private Sector | (h) Controlled and managed by individuals |
| (iv) Public Sector | (b) Controlled and managed by government |
| (v) Adoption of Industrial Policy Resolution | (a) 1956 |
| (vi) Industrial licensing started in India | (c) 1952 |
| (vii) Constitution of Planning Commission | (d) 1950 |
| (viii) Establishment of NITI Aayog | (f) 2015 |
| (ix) Introduction of New Industrial Policy | (i) 1991 |
| (x) Introduction of Green Revolution | (g) 1967-68 |
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