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Environment and Sustainable Development Class 12 MCQs Questions with Answers
Choose the correct alternative.
Question 1.
World Environment Day is observed on ________
(a) 5 June
(b) 15 August
(c) 1 January
(d) 5 September
Answer
Answer: (a) 5 June
Question 2.
The main reason for soil erosion is _________
(a) ozone depletion
(b) deforestation
(c) air pollution
(d) global warming
Answer
Answer: (b) deforestation
Question 3.
The government set up the Central Pollution Control Board to control _________
(a) noise pollution
(b) air pollution
(c) deforestation
(d) land pollution
Answer
Answer: (b) air pollution
Question 4.
Sustainable development can be achieved by _________
(a) controlling pollution
(b) controlling the growth of population
(c) restricting use of renewable resources
(d) all of these
Answer
Answer: (d) all of these
Question 5.
Which of the following is an impact of global warming?
(a) Deforestation
(b) Rise in sea level
(c) Waste generation
(d) Rapid increase in population
Answer
Answer: (b) Rise in sea level
Question 6.
In which of the following layers of the atmosphere is ozone shield found?
(a) Troposphere
(b) Exosphere
(c) Stratosphere
(d) Mesosphere
Answer
Answer: (c) Stratosphere
Question 7.
Which of the following is a consequence of ozone layer depletion?
(a) Skin cancer in humans
(b) Lower production of phytoplankton
(c) Hampers growth of terrestrial plants
(d) All of these
Answer
Answer: (d) All of these
Question 8.
When was the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) set up?
(a) 1964
(b) 1974
(c) 1984
(d) 1994
Answer
Answer: (b) 1974
Question 9.
How many industrial categories have been identified as significantly polluting by the CPCB?
(a) 17
(b) 25
(c) 27
(d) 31
Answer
Answer: (a) 17
Fill in the blanks with the correct word.
Question 10.
________ resources are those which get exhausted with extraction and use.
Answer
Answer: Non-renewable
Question 11.
Absorptive capacity of the environment is ability to absorb __________
Answer
Answer: degradation
Question 12.
Solar energy can be converted into electricity with the help of _______ cell.
Answer
Answer: photovoltaic
Question 13.
In India, the ________ of the Deccan Plateau is particularly suitable for the cultivation of cotton.
Answer
Answer: black soil
Question 14.
The origins of chlorine and bromine compounds in the stratosphere are _________
Answer
Answer: chlorofluorocarbons
Question 15.
_______ emissions are the major contributors to air pollution in urban areas of India.
Answer
Answer: Vehicular
Question 16.
Thermal power plants emit large quantities of _________ which is a greenhouse gas.
Answer
Answer: carbon dioxide
Question 17.
________ plants use the energy of such streams to move small turbines.
Answer
Answer: Mini-hydel
State whether the following statements are True or False.
Question 18.
Fossil fuels can be used without the possibility of these becoming depleted or exhausted.
Answer
Answer: False
Question 19.
India alone accounts for nearly 20 percent of the world’s total iron-ore reserves.
Answer
Answer: True
Question 20.
Improper planning and management of irrigation systems are one of the factors responsible for land degradation.
Answer
Answer: True
Question 21.
Sustainable development is synonymous with the conservation of the environment.
Answer
Answer: True
Question 22.
Earthworms can convert organic matter into compost faster than the normal composting process.
Answer
Answer: True
Question 23.
Prior to the advent of the Green Revolution, food products were contaminated and soil, water- bodies, and even groundwater were polluted.
Answer
Answer: False
Match the alternatives given in Column II with respective terms in Column I.
Question 24.
| Column I | Column II |
| (i) Deccan Plateau in India | (a) Rise in sea level |
| (ii) Indo-Gangetic Plains | (b) Petroleum, coal, iron-ore, etc. |
| (iii) Renewable Resource | (c) Rich in black soil |
| (iv) Non-renewable Resources | (d) Increasing urbanization |
| (v) Cause of Environmental Crisis | (e) Trees, fish, water |
| (vi) Impact of Global Warming | (f) Intensively cultivated and densely populated |
Answer
Answer:
| Column I | Column II |
| (i) Deccan Plateau in India | (c) Rich in black soil |
| (ii) Indo-Gangetic Plains | (f) Intensively cultivated and densely populated |
| (iii) Renewable Resource | (e) Trees, fish, water |
| (iv) Non-renewable Resources | (b) Petroleum, coal, iron-ore, etc. |
| (v) Cause of Environmental Crisis | (d) Increasing urbanization |
| (vi) Impact of Global Warming | (a) Rise in sea level |
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