NCERT Solutions for Class 11 History Chapter 9 The Industrial Revolution

Detailed, Step-by-Step NCERT Solutions for 11 History Chapter 9 The Industrial Revolution Questions and Answers were solved by Expert Teachers as per NCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines covering each topic in chapter to ensure complete preparation.

The Industrial Revolution NCERT Solutions for Class 11 History Chapter 9

The Industrial Revolution Questions and Answers Class 11 History Chapter 9

Question 1.
How did Britain’s involvement in wars from 1793 to 1815 affect British industries?
Answer:
Britain could not go through capital formation and reinvestment in industries during war period. She had to use borrowed apital to fight rather than reinvestment. Income tax was imposed in order to reimburse 35 percent of the total expenses incurred in war. Workers were transferred to army and saving was jeopardised by inflation.

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 History Chapter 9 The Industrial Revolution

Question 2.
What were the relative advantages of canal and railway transportation?
Answer:
Transportation by Canals
(i) Created marketing centres in new towns like Birmingham.
(ii) Congestion of vessels made movement slow by canals and these could not be used in rainy season, fog strewn days and during drought.
(iii) Canals expansion was that of 4,000 miles.
(iv) Transportation by canal was confined only to carry coal and the course of rivers could only become the route, not destination away from the course of river.

Transportation by Railway
(i) Almost same influence the railway lines had on creation of new towns as marketing centres.
(ii) Likewise grievance was not with the railways.
(iii) About 9,500 miles of railway lines were laid.
(iv) It was not the problem with railways because railway lines could be laid everywhere.

Question 3.
What were the interesting features of the ‘inventions’ of this period?
Answer:
The inventions were consisting of invention of several incentives and technologies in cotton industry sector, transportation by canal and railways, coal digging, smeltering iron etc.

Question 4.
Indicate how the supply of new materials affected the nature of British Industrialisation?
Answer:
(i) It increased the number of factories thereby conglomeration of workers in towns and cities .around unhygienic temporary settlements. It caused burden on sanitation, means of public conveniences, health, education etc. thereby breaking out of epidemics.

(ii) Supply of finished product in market increased more than their demand thereby reduction in prices beyond the cost involved. It resulted in closure of factories.

Question 5.
How were the lives of different classes of British women affected by the Industrial Revolution?
Answer:
(i) Women of all classes (i.e. nobility, Peasants etc) started working in factories in order to get financial independence and self-esteem.
(ii) However, for the satisfaction of this false ego, they
accepted working on wages lower than the men for equal hours of working.
(iii) They had to live in urban conglomeration or slums, the most unhygienic for human habitation.
(iv) They had to observe strict discipline and oftenly, receive punishment for one or other usual mistakes/missions.
(v) Women were the main workers with the silk lace¬making and knitting industries.

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 History Chapter 9 The Industrial Revolution

Question 6.
Compare the effects of the coming of the railways in different countries in the world :
Answer:
Global Effects of coming of railways
(i) The invention of the railways took the entire process of industrialisation to a second stage.

(ii) The engine technology was used in several works like, use of Puffing Devil, an engine devised by Richard Trevithick was used to pull trucks around the coal mines.

(iii) Railways emerged as a new mean of transportation that was available throughout the year.

(iv) Transportation of heavy goods including capital goods and passenger by rails proved cheaper than rowing through canal in all over the world.

(v) Railways arrival joined the ports to the town centres and it faciliated picking the goods imported and delivering those proposed for export.

(vi) It had made cultural assimilation and intercourse possible and it had spread spirit of partiotism and nationalism among local people and promoted bilateral trade relations with the countries outside. Thus, it resulted spurt in International trade.

(vii) It had provided an ample opportunity of liaisoning, contacts thereby, people evigorated to tend the mind towards invention of techniques, devices, tools etc. in order to develop innovative and a new things.

(viii) It had transmitted technical know-how of industrial revolution in England (Britain) to all over world as railways linked with ports.

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 History Chapter 9 The Industrial Revolution

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