Detailed, Step-by-Step NCERT Solutions for 11 Political Science Chapter 4 Executive Questions and Answers were solved by Expert Teachers as per NCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines covering each topic in chapter to ensure complete preparation.
Executive NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Political Science Chapter 4
Executive Questions and Answers Class 11 Political Science Chapter 4
Question 1.
A Parliamentary executive means:
a. Executive where there is a Parliament
b. Executive elected by the Parliament
c. Where the Parliament functions as the Executive
d. Executive that is dependent on support of the majority in the Parliament
Answer:
d. Executive that is dependent on support of the majority in the Parliament.
Question 2.
Read this dialogue. Which argument do you agree with? Why?
Answer:
1. Amit: Looking at the constitutional provisions, it seems that the President is only a rubber stamp.
2. Shama: The President appoints the Prime-Minister. So, he must have the powers to remove the Prime-minister as well.
3. Rajesh: We do not need a President After the election, the Parliament can meet and elect a leader to be the Prime-minister.
We agree with the dialogue of Shama that President appoints the Prime- . Minister so he must have the powers t6 remove the Prime-minister who is the leader of the majority party in the LofcSabha. Therefore he does not enjoy much discretion here except when no political party or group of political party gets the majority in the Lok Sabha so as to state claim to form the Government.
Formally President appoints the Prime-minister. In tune of the argument of Shama President has thevpower to remove the Prime Minister as was indicated in the case of President Giani Zail Singh and Rajiv Gandhi relationship.
Under Art. 78 of the Constitution, it is the duty of PM to give every information about the affairs of the State to President and if he does not discharges that duty, the President has power to ensure him. All the inter pretations of Art 78 by the constitutional experts suggested that President can remove the Prime-minister. But this never happened in Parliamentary Democracy in India. A Prime-minister goes only when he looses the majority support in the Lok Sabha.
Match the following:-
1. Works within the particular State in which recruited.- (a) Indian Foreign Service
2. Works in the central Government office located either at the national capital or elsewhere in the country (b) State Civil Services
3. Works in a particular state to which to centre.(c) All India Services alloted; can also be sent on deputation
4. Works in Indian missions abroad (d) Central services
Answer:
1. Works within the particular state in which recruited – (b) State Civil Services
2 Works in the central Government office located either at the national capital or elsewhere in the country – (d) Central services
3. Works in a particular state to which to centre – (c) All India Services alloted : can also be sent on deputation
4. Works in Indian missions abroad – (a) Indian Foreign Service
Question 4.
Identify the ministry which may have released the following news items. Would this be a ministry of the central government or State government? Why?
(a) An official release said that in 2004-05, the Tamil Nadu Text books Corporation would release new versions for standards VII, X and XI
Answer:
State Education ministry is concerned with* this because state government is concerned with the education of VII, X and XI in the state.
(b) A new railway loop line by passing the crowded Tfruvallur. Chennai section to help iron cron exporters. The new line, likely to be about 80 km long, will branch off at Puttum and then reach Athipattu near the Port.
Answer:
Central Government Ministry of Railway is concerned with it because it is a matter related with the railway department and export which is the issue of Central Government.
(c) The three member sub-divisional committee formed to verify suicide be farmers in Ramayampet mandal has found that the two farmers who committed suicide this month have had economic problems due to failure of crops.
Answer:
State agriculture ministry is concerned with this issue as it is related with the failure of crops and the problems of the farmers.
Question 5.
While appointing the Prime-minister, the President selects:
a. Leader of the largest party in the Lok Sabha.
b. Leader of the largest party in the alliance which secures a majority in the Lok Sabha.
c. The leader of the largest party in the Rajya Sabha.
d. The leader of the alliance or party that has the support of the majority in the Lok Sabha.
Answer:
a. The Leader of the largest party in the Lok Sabha.
Question 6.
Read this discussion and say which of these statements applies most to India.
Alok : Prime-minister is like a king, he decides everything in our country.
Shekhar: Prime-Minister is only ‘first among equals’, he. does not have special powers. All ministers and PM have similar powers.
Bobby: Prime-Minister has to consider the expectations of the Party. members and other supporters of the government But after all, the Prime minister has a greater say in policy making and in choosing the ministers.
Answer:
On going through the statements of Alok, Shekhar and Bobby, we find Bobby’s statement explains the Indian situation and the position of Indian Prime-minister. Indian Prime-minister has to keep many things in mind while taking any decision. No doubt that the parliamentary tradition gives many powers to him and he is certainly different to his ministers in many ways.
Question 7.
Why do you think is the advice of the Council of Ministers binding on the President? Give your answer in not more than 100 words.
Answer:
Art-74 of the Constitution speaks that there shall be Council of ministers with the Prime-minister at the head to aid and advice the President, who shall in the exercise of his functions, act in accordance with such advice.
Provided that the President may require the council of ministers to reconsider such advice and the President shall act in accordance with the advice tendered after such reconsideration.
44th Constitutional Amendment has also further established this situation that ultimately the President is bound by the advice of council of ministers. However he can send back first advice of the council of minister for reconsideration.
Question 8.
The Parliamentary system of executive vests many powers in the legislature for controlling the executive. Why, do you think is it so necessary to control the executive?
Answer:
This is the main characteristic and merit of the Parliamentary Government that it is a responsible and responsive Government. Structurally and functionally there is close relation between executive and legislature. The Prime-Minister and ministers are members of legislature and remain in the office as long as they enjoy the confidence and support of the/ legislature. The executive is constantly exposed to the control of the legislature who by number of Parliamentary methods exerts control on the executive. Main methods are :
- Discussions and debate in question hours and zero hours.
- Callattention motion.
- Adjourn motion
- No confidence motion etc.
Ministers are individually and collectively responsible to the legislature.
Question 9.
It is said that there is too much political interference in the working of the administrative machinery. It is suggested that there should be more and more autonomous agehcies which do not have to answer to the ministers.
a. Do you think this will make administration more people friendly?
b. Do you think this will make administration more efficient?
c. Does democracy mean full control of elected representative over the administration?
Answer:
It can be true that the political interference in the administration is increasing but in our democracy no administrative agency can be autonomous and free from the responsibility and accountability to the elected representative of the people and people themselves.
Our is a representative democracy where representative and political executive represent the will and wishes of the people and administion is carried out of the bureacray on the advice and direction of the political executive (ministers) and under the control of the elected representatives of the people (Parliament and state Legislatures) It is also true that administrative machinery is manned by experts and who are real administrator.
They also need some amount of autonomy to show the result in efficient way but they are supposed to work in the given politics., administrative apparatus. The political executives, elected representatives and the bureacracy (civil servants) must work in harmony and co-odination to serve the people and to improve the welfare of the people without interference each other’s jurisdiction.
Question 10.
Write an essay of two hundred words on the proposal to have an elected administration instead of an appointed administration.
Answer:
Today we have elected political executive and permanent non political executive. Non political executive are the civil servants who are appointed by a definite competent and authorised appointing body. UPSC makes the appointment for the All India Government Services and Central Service and the State Public Service Commission make necessary arrangement for the appointment of State Civil Services.
These appointed civil servants have definite and relevant qualifications They work according to fixed rules. They enjoy long tenure of services. The important feature is that whole civil administration machinery is supposed to be the non political. They have to work under thee brand policy framework of the political executive cabinet and also of civil code of conduct set by service rules.
In this structure the proposal of elected administration is not acceptable because it will be conjuctive politicisation of the administration. In the election of administration merit and qualification is required. Therefore incompotent and inefficient persons will be put in the key position of administration. It will lead to inefficiency and maladministration.
In the appointed administration, definite qualification is set, a definite procedure is followed to select the suitable qualified and competent candi-dates by the selection making bodies like UPSC and State Public Service Commission. These appointed administrations are known as Public Servants and they are responsible to the people. People have direct access to from civil servants.
The elected administrator may be more popular in the public, they may be in close trade of the people they may become aware familar with the problems and demands of the people, but certainly they will not be as efficent and competent as the appointed administration. Therefore there is need to strengthen the existing system of appointed administration under the guidance of elected repersentative.