NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Political Science Chapter 7 Federalism

Detailed, Step-by-Step NCERT Solutions for 11 Political Science Chapter 7 Federalism Questions and Answers were solved by Expert Teachers as per NCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines covering each topic in chapter to ensure complete preparation.

Federalism NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Political Science Chapter 7

Federalism Questions and Answers Class 11 Political Science Chapter 7

Question 1.
From the list of following events which ones would you identify with the functioning of federalism? Why?
Answer:
(a) The centre on Tuesday announced sixth schedule status to GNLF-led Darjeeling Gorkha Hill Council, which would ensure greater autonomy to the governing body in the Hill district of West Bengal. A tripartite Memorandum of settlement was signed in New Delhi between the centre, West Bengal Government and Subhas Ghising-led Gorkha National Liberation Front (GNLF) after two days of hectic deliberations.

(b) Government for action plan for rain-hit states: Centre has asked the rain-ravaged states to submit detailed plans for reconstruction to enable it to respond to their demands for extra relief expeditiously.

(c) New Commissioner for Delhi: The Capital is getting a new Municipal Commissioner. Confirming this, present MCD Commissioner Rakesh Mehta said he has received his transfer orders and that he is likely to be replaced by IAS Officer Ashok Kumar, who is serving as the Chief Secretary in Arunachal Pradesh. Mehta, a 1975 batch IAS Officer, has been heading the MCD for about three-and-a-half years.

(d) CU Status for Manipur University : Rajya Sabha on Wednesday passed a Bill to convert the Manipur University into a Central University with the Human Resource Development Minister promising such institu¬tions in the North Eastern States of Arunachal Pradesh, Tripura and Sikkim as well.

(e) Funds released: The centre has released Rs. 5.53 lakh to Arunachal Pradesh under its rural water supply scheme. The first instalment was of Rs. 466.81 Lakh.

(f) We”ll teach the Biharis how to live in Mumbai: Around 100 Shiv Sainiks stromed JJ. Hospital, disrupted daily operations, raised slogans and threatened to take matters into their own hands if no action was taken againt non-Maharashtrian students.

(g) Demand for dismissal of Government: The Congress Legislature Party (CLP) in a respresentation submitted to State Governor recently, has demanded dismisal of the ruling Democratic Alliance of Nagaland (DAN) government for its alleged financial mismanagement-and embezzlement of publkmoney.

(h) NDA govemment asks naxalites to surrender arms: Amid a walkout by opposition RJD and its allies Congress and CPI

(M) The Bihar government today appealed to the naxalities to shun the path of violence and reaffirmed its pledge to root out unemployment to usher in a new era of development in Bihar.
Answer:
We consider ‘a’ of the above situations of the functioning of Federalism as it involves the decentralisation of powers of the state with autonomous council which represent a particular area with homogenous cultures and interests. Second Para which shows the functioning of Federation, is ’b’ is which centre has instructed the rain hit states to submit the details of the damage so that necessary story assistance can be provided. This is responsibilty of centre, Para ‘E’ is also example of functioning of federalism as centre has released the funds for water supply.

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Political Science Chapter 7 Federalism

Question 2.
Think which of the following statements would be correct. State why?
a. Federalism enhances the possibility of people from different regions to interact without the fear of one’s culture being imposed upon them by other.
b. Federal system will hinder easier economic transaction between two different regions that have distinct types of resources.
c. Federal system will ensure the powers of those at the centre will remain limited.
Answer:
The correct position of the above is in ‘c’ paragraph which says that the power of centre will be limited because its powers will be decentalised which is essential characteristic of a federal system.

Question 3.
Based on the just few articles of Belgian constitution,given below- explain how federalism is visualised In that country. Try and write a similar Article for the Constitution of India.
Art. 1. Belgium is a federal state made up of communities and regions.
Art. 2. Belgium is made up of three communities. The French community: The Flemish community and the German Community.
Art.3. Belgium is made up of three regions. The Waloon regions, the Flemish regions and the Brussels regions.
Art.4., Belgium has four linguistic regions. The French speaking region, the Dutch speaking begins, the bilingual regions of Brussels capital and the German speaking region. Each community (country borough) of the kingdom is part of three linguistic regions…….
Art. 5. The Waloon region is made up of the following provinces. The Waloon Brobent, Hainault. Leige, Luxemburg and Namue. The Flemish region is made up of the following provinces. Antweep, The Flemish Brahant. West Flanders. East Flanders and Limburg.
Answer:
From the above description it is clear that the Belgium society is a plural society with different communities and languages living in different communces, regions and provinces. Due to diversity in society Belgium certainly needs Federal structure. It should be the federation of different provinces having different linguistic regions and provinces.

Indian society is also plural society with different religions, geographical identities, languages and dilects. Today it is federation of 28 states which have been created largely on the basis of languages. India is federal but have dominant unitary featurs which have been introduced in the Constitution due to the historical lessons and the possible threats to National integration.

There is constitutional provision of divisions of power between the centre and states. States have been made strong in their own areas. Indian federal is based on the co-operation and co-ordination of both in centre and states.

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Political Science Chapter 7 Federalism

Question 4.
Imagine that you will to rewrite the provisions regarding federalism. Write an essay of not more than 300 words making your suggestions about:
a. division of powers among the centre and states.
b. distribution of financial powers.
c. methods of resolving inter-state disputes and
d. appointment of Governors.
Answer:
In a plural and diverse society, the federal polity is necessary condition for the democratic set up and fulfillment of local and regional aspirations of the people. The federal structure must be designed according to the con-stitutional scheme. The first requirement constitutional scheme will be the distribution of powers which must be On the true principles of federalism.

It means the centre must be creation of the states and centre must be given limited powers of national and international importance. The residual powers should also be with the states. There should be co-operation and cordination between the centre and states for the development and national integration of the country.

The states must be administravely and financially autonomous. The states must be financially self dependence. Their dependence on the centre must be minimum. The local resources of the states should be mobilised to the maximum limit to strengthen their economy.

There should not be any kind of regional disparity. The distribution of national resources among the states should be on national formula. Their should be cooperation among the states also in improving the economy of each other.

The inter-state disputes are bound to emerge in federal set up which should be settled either mutual co-operation and understanding or by Inter-state council or by the awards of committees and commissions.

Governors are the executive head of the state who are appointed by the President on the advice of council of ministers. In fact in practice this appointment has became political. This post is supposed to be most respected post but today this has become most defamed post because of controversial decisions and behaviour of the Governors.

Therefore it is very much essential that there should be no politicisation of the post of Governor and the appointment of high ability and integrity must be ensured on this post.

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Political Science Chapter 7 Federalism

Question 5.
Which of the following should be the basis for formation of States? Why?
a. Common Language
b. Common Economic Interests; c. Common religion
d. Administrative convenience
Answer:
Although in India common Language is the basis of State formation as per state Reorganisation Act 1956 but administrative convience should be the first creative because common religion interests and common ecnomic interest will lead to parochialism which may pose danger for the national integrity.

Question 6.
Majority of people from the States of north India Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar speak Hindi. If all these states are combined to form one State. Would it be in tune with the idea of federalism? Give arguments.
Answer:
If all the states which speak Hindi namely Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar are combined to form one State, it will be a homogenous unit and can be made one single state but such a big area r will not be condusive for administrative convinience. Already three states are formed more on the basis of administrative convinience rather than any other factor.

Question 7.
List four features of the Indian constitution that give greater power to the Central Government than the State Government.
Answer:
Followings are four features of the Indian Constitution that give greater power to the Central Government:

  • Distribution of powers in favour of centre.
  • Emergency powers for the present Art 352
  • President rule in State Art 356.
  • All India Government Service.

Question 8.
Why are many States unhappy about the role of Governor?
Answer:
Many states are unhappy with the Governor perhaps rightly because they discharge their duties in partial manners. Most of the time they misuse their discretionary powers and create controvery. Most of the times the President Rule has been imposed as unjustified basis.

The Governor is supposed to be the representative or agent of the centre but he has become the agent of the ruling party at the centre. The Governors are appointed without consulting the Chief Ministers which lead to controversies between the chief ministers and Governors. Bihar, Jharkhand and Goa are the recent examples of the controversial positions of the Governors.

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Political Science Chapter 7 Federalism

Question 9.
President’s rule can be imposed in a State if the Government is not being run according to the provisions of the Constitution. State whether any of the following condition are a fit case for imposition of President’s rule in the State. Give reasons.
(a) Two members of the state legislative assembly belonging to the main opposition party have been killed by criminals and the opposition is demanding dismissal of the state Government.
(b) Kidnapping of young children for ransom is on rise. The number of crimes against women are increasing.
(c) No political party has secured majority in the recent elections
of the State legislative Assembly. It is feared that some MLAs from other parties may be lured to support a political party in return for money.
(d) Different political parties are ruling in the state and at the centre and they are bitter opponents of each other.
(e) More than 2000 people have been killed in the communal riots.
(f) In the water dispute between the two States, one State government
refused to follow the decision of the Supreme Court.
Answer:
‘C’ case is the fit case of imposition of President rule as has happened in Bihar recently. In this situation chances of defection and purchase and sale of legislature increases.

Question 10.
What are the demands raised by States in their querst for greater autonomy?
Answer:
Following are the demands of the states in the name of autonomy:
1. Division of powers should be in favour of States.
2. States should have independent sources of revence and greater control over the resources.
3. More administrative powers of the states and less interference of the centre in states.
4. Autonomy in cultural and linguistic matters.
5. More financial autonomy.

Question 11.
Should some states be governed by special provisions? Does this create resentment among other States? Does this help in forging greater unity among the regions of the country?
Answer:
Although, as per the priniciple of Federal System, there should be equality in the treatment of all the states, whether a state is big or small But in India there is not only unequal representation but there is unequal treatment with the states due to this reason or that reason. Constitution has some special provisions for some states given their peculiar, social and historical circumstances.

Most of the special provisions pertain to the northeastern states (Assam, Nagaland, Arunachal Pradesh and Mizoram etc. are due to indigenous tribal population with a district history and culture. (Art. 371) Similarly Jammu & Kashmir has a special status which was given under Art 370 under difficult historical circumstances.

Such type of special and preferencial treatment certainly do not generate co-operation and unity, because other states also raise the demand for special rights and the demands become competitive. In such situation development national integration became the casualty.

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Political Science Chapter 7 Federalism

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