NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Tissues

These NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Tissues Questions and Answers are prepared by our highly skilled subject experts to help students while preparing for their exams.

Tissues NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6

Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Tissues InText Questions and Answers

Question 1.
What is a tissue?
Answer:
Tissue is a group of cells that are similar in structure and are organised together to perform a specific task.

Question 2.
What is the utility of tissues in multi-cellular organisms?
Answer:
In unicellular organisms, a single cell performs all the basic functions such as respiration, movement, excretion, digestion, etc. But in multicellular organisms, cells are grouped to form tissues. These tissues are specialised to carry out a particular function at a definite place in the body. For example, the muscle cells form muscular tissues which helps in movement, nerve cells form the nervous tissue which helps in transmission of messages. This is known as division of labour in multicellular organisms. It is because of this division of labour that multicellular organisms are able to perform all functions efficiently.

Question 3.
Name types of simple tissues.
Answer:
Simple permanent tissues are of three types: Parenchyma, Collenchyma, and Sclerenchyma. Parenchyma tissue is of further two types – aerenchyma and chlorenchyma.

Question 4.
Where is apical meristem found?
Answer:
Apical meristem is present at the growing tips of stems and roots. Their main function is to initiate growth in new cells of seedlings, at the tip of roots, and shoots.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Tissues

Question 5.
Which tissue makes up the husk of coconut?
Answer:
The husk of a coconut is made up of sclerenchyma tissue.

Question 6.
What are the constituents of phloem?
Answer:
Phloem is the food conducting tissue in plants. It is made up of four components:

  • Sieve tubes
  • Companion cells
  • Phloem parenchyma
  • Phloem fibres

Question 7.
Name the tissue responsible for movement in our body.
Answer:
The muscular tissue is responsible for movement in our body.

Question 8.
What does a neuron look like?
Answer:
A neuron consists of a cell body with a nucleus and cytoplasm. It has two important extensions known as the axon and dendrites. An axon is a long thread-like extension of nerve cells that transmits impulses away from the cell body. Dendrites, on the other hand, are thread-like extensions of cell body that receive nerve impulses. Thus, the axon transmits impulses away from the cell body, whereas the dendrite receives nerve impulses. This coordinated function helps in transmitting impulses very quickly.

Question 9.
What are the functions of areolar tissue?
Answer:
Functions of areolar tissue:

  • It helps in supporting internal organs.
  • It helps in repairing the tissues of the skin and muscles.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Tissues

Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Tissues Textbook Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Define the term “tissue”.
Answer:
Tissue is a group of cells that are similar in structure and are organized together to perform a specific task.

Question 2.
How many types of elements together make up the xylem tissue? Name them.
Answer:
There are four different types of cells that make up the xylem tissue. They are:

  • Tracheids
  • Vessels
  • Xylem parenchyma
  • Xylem fibres

Question 3.
How are simple tissue? different from complex tissues in plants?
Answer:
Simple tissue:

  1. It consists of the cells that similar in both their structure and functions.
  2. Parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma.

Complex tissue:

  1. It consists of the cells that are neither similar in structure nor in function but collectively help to perform a specific function.
  2. Xylem and phloem

Question 4.
Differentiate between parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma, on the basis of their cell wall.
Answer:
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Tissues 1

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Tissues

Question 5.
What are the functions of the stomata?
Answer:
Functions of the stomata:

  • They allow the exchange of gases (CO2 and O2) with the atmosphere.
  • Evaporation of water from the leaf surface occurs through the stomata. Thus, the stomata help in the process of transpiration.

Question 6.
Diagrammatically show the difference between the three types of muscle fibres.
Answer:
The three types of muscle fibres are: Striated muscles, smooth muscles (unstriated muscle fibre), and cardiac muscles.
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Tissues 2
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Tissues 3

Question 7.
What is the specific function of the cardiac muscle?
Answer:
The specific function of the cardiac muscle is to control the contraction and relaxation of the heart.

Question 8.
Draw a labelled diagram of a neuron.
Answer:
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Tissues 4

Question 9.
Name the following:
(a) Tissue that forms the inner lining of our mouth.
(b) Tissue that connects muscle to bone in humans.
(c) Tissue that transports food in plants.
(d) Tissue that stores fat in our body.
(e) Connective tissue with a fluid matrix.
(f) Tissue present in the brain.
Answer:
(a) Tissue that forms the inner lining of our mouth ? Epithelial tissue
(b) Tissue that connects muscle to bone in humans? Dense regular connective tissue (tendons)
(c) Tissue that transports food in plants ? Phloem
(d) Tissue that stores fat in our body ? Adipose tissue
(e) Connective tissue with a fluid matrix ? Blood
(f) Tissue present in the brain ? Nervous tissue

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Tissues

Question 10.
Identify the type of tissue in the following: skin, bark of tree, bone, lining of kidney tubule, vascular bundle.
Answer:
Skin: Stratified squamous epithelial tissue
Bark of tree: Simple permanent tissue
Bone: Connective tissue
Lining of kidney tubule: Cuboidal epithelial tissue
Vascular bundle: Complex permanent tissue

Question 11.
Name the regions in which parenchyma tissue is present.
Answer:
Leaves, fruits, and flowers are the regions where the parenchyma tissue is present.

Question 12.
What is the role of epidermis in plants?
Answer:
Epidermis is present on the outer surface of the entire plant body. The cells of the epidermal tissue form a continuous layer without any intercellular space. It performs the following important functions:

  • It is a protective tissue of the plant body
  • It protects the plant against mechanical injury
  • It allows exchange of gases through the stomata

Question 13.
How does the cork act as a protective tissue?
Answer:
The outer protective layer or bark of a tree is known as the cork. It is made up of dead cells. Therefore, it protects the plant against mechanical injury, temperature extremes, etc. It also prevents the loss of water by evaporation.

Question 14.
Complete the following chart:
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Tissues 5
Answer:
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Tissues 6

Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Tissues Additional Important Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Which of the following tissues has dead cells?
(a) Parenchyma
(b) Scierenchyma
(c) Collenchyma
(d) Epithelia tissue
Answer:
(b) Scierenchyma

Question 2.
Find out incorrect sentence
(a) Parenchymatous tissues have intercellular spaces
(b) Collenchymatous tissues are irregularly thickened at corners
(c) Apical and intercalary meristems are permanent tissues
(d) Meristeniatic tissues, in its early stage, lack vacuoles
Answer:
(c) Apical and intercalary meristems are permanent tissues

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Tissues

Question 3.
Girth of stem increases due to
(a) apical meristem
(b) lateral meristem
(c) intercalary meristem.
(d) vertical meristem
Answer:
(b) lateral meristem

Question 4.
Which cell does not have perforated cell wall?
(a) Tracheids
(b) Companion cells
(c) Sieve tubes
(d) Vessels
Answer:
(b) Companion cells

Question 5.
Intestine absorb the digested food materials. What type of epithelial cells are responsible for that?
(a) Stratified squamous epithelium
(b) Columnar epithelium
(c) Spindle fibres
(d) Cuboidal epithelium
Answer:
(b) Columnar epithelium

Question 6.
A person met with an accident in which two long bones of hand were dislocated. Which among the following may be the possible reason?
(a) Tendon break
(b) Break of skeletal muscle
(c) Ligament break
(d) Areolar tissue break
Answer:
(c) Ligament break

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Tissues

Question 7.
While doing work and running, you move your organs like hands, legs etc. Which among the following is correct?
(a) Smooth muscles contract and pull the ligament to move the bones
(b) Smooth muscles contract and pull the tendons to move the bones
(c) Skeletal muscles contract and pull the ligament to move the bones
(d) Skeletal muscles contract and pull the tendon to move the bones
Answer:
(d) Skeletal muscles contract and pull the tendon to move the bones

Question 8.
Which muscles act involuntarily?
(i) Striated muscles
(ii) Smooth muscles
(iii) Cardiac muscles
(iv) Skeletal muslces
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (iii) and (iv)
(d) (i) and (iv)
Answer:
(b) (ii) and (iii)

Question 9.
Meristematic tissues in plants are
(a) localised and permanent
(b) not limited to certain regions
(c) localised and dividing cells
(d) growing in volume
Answer:
(c) localised and dividing cells

Question 10.
Which is not a function of epidermis?
(a) Protection from adverse condition
(b) Gaseous exchange
(c) Conduction of water
(d) Transpiration
Answer:
(c) Conduction of water

Question 11.
Select the incorrect sentence
(a) Blood has matrix containing proteins, salts and hormones
(b) Two bones are connected with ligament
(c) Tendons are non-fibrous tissue and fragile
(d) Cartilage is a form of connective tissue
Answer:
(c) Tendons are non-fibrous tissue and fragile

Question 12.
Cartilage is not found in
(a) nose
(b) ear
(c) kidney
(d) larynx
Answer:
(c) kidney

Question 13.
Fats are stored in human body as
(a) cuboidal epithelium
(b) adipose tissue
(c) bones
(d) cartilage
Answer:
(b) adipose tissue

Question 14.
Bone matrix is rich in
(a) fluoride and calcium
(b) calcium and phosphorus
(c) calcium and potassium
(d) phosphorus and potassium
Answer:
(b) calcium and phosphorus

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Tissues

Question 15.
Contractile proteins are found in
(a) bones
(b) blood
(c) muscles
(d) cartilage
Answer:
(c) muscles

Very Short Answer Questions

Question 1.
Which tissue in plants has cells mostly found in state of division?
Answer:
Meristematic tissue present at the root and shoot tip has cells found in the state of division.

Question 2.
Which permanent tissue in plants consists of cells with thin cell wall?
Answer:
Parenchyma tissue

Question 3.
What is chlorenchyma?
Answer:
It’s a type of parenchyma whose cells possess the chloroplast containing chlorophyll.

Question 4.
Name the three types of simple permanent tissues found in plants.
Answer:
Parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma

Question 5.
Which simple permanent plant tissue have cell walls thickened at the comers?
Answer:
Collenchyma has somewhat more elongated cells with thickened walls corner.

Question 6.
Which are the two types of complex permanent tissues found in plants.
Answer:
Xylem and phloem

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Tissues

Question 7.
Which plant tissue cells are found in the apical part of stem and root?
Answer:
Meristematic tissue consists of parenchymatous cells with active protoplasm.

Question 8.
Name the only living component present in xylem?
Answer:
Xylem parenchyma

Question 9.
Name the only non-living component present in phloem.
Answer:
Phloem fibres

Question 10.
Name the four types of animal tissues?
Answer:
The lour types of animal tissues are epithelial tissue, connective tissues, musclar tissues and nervous tissue.

Question 11.
Which tissue forms the outer human skin?
Answer:
Epithelial tissue forms the outer human skin consisting of dead cells.

Question 12.
Which animal tissue you expect to observe when watching a thin slice Jther?
Answer:
Epithelial tissue as it makes, the skin from which the leather is made after tanning?

Question 13.
Bone is a type of tissue. In which tissue type will you classify the bones?
Answer:
Bone is a hard skeletal tissue, a type of connective tissue.

Short Answer Questions

Question 1.
How is a simple permanent tissue in plants different from compound permanent tissue?
Answer:
A simple permanent tissue consists of cells that are similar both in their structure and functions but the compound permanent tissue consists of cells that are different in their structure but are associated in performing a specific common function.

Question 2.
How is a cell from the meristematic tissue different from the cell from a simple permanent tissue?
Answer:
The meristematic tissue cells are thin walled with active protoplasm and rrninent nucleus. They also have reduced vacuole as compared to the living is of the permanent tissues.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Tissues

Question 3.
What are the characteristics of the parenchymatous tissue?
Answer:
The chief characteristics of parenchymatous tissue include:

  • Cells are mostly round or polygonal but can also be elongated.
  • Cells have thin cell wall with uniform thickness.
  • Cells are live with nucleus and large vacuoles.
  • Cells may or may not have the intracellular, spaces.

Question 4.
What is specific about the cells of collenchymatous tissue in plants?
Answer:
The cells of collenchymatous tissue have thin cells walls but these walls are thickened at the corners because of the deposition of extra cellulose and pectin.
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Tissues 7
These cells also lack intercellular spaces being closely packed to each other.

Question 5.
State the functions of collenchymatous tissues with their locations in a plant.
Answer:
Collenchymatous tissue mostly found located under the epidermis helps

  • providing mechanical support and elasticity to plant parts.
  • providing flexibility to plant parts like leaves and branches to prevent them from breaking or tearing in blowing wind.
  • manufacture of sugar and starch if they contain chloroplasts.

Question 6.
Describe the structure and function of sclerenchyma as a simple plant tissue.
Answer:
Sclerenchyma as a tissue consists of dead cells because of the excessive deposition of cutin, pectin and lignin in their cell walls. These chemicals act as cement hence, makes the cell wall hard. The cells are long, narrow and fine

Question 7.
Differentiate in the followings:
(a) Bone and cartilage
(b) Tendon and ligament
(c) Meristematic and permanent tissue
(d) Cardiac muscles and striated muscles
(e) Blood and lymph
Answer:
(a) Bone and Cartilage

Bone Cartilage
1. It is hard, strong, inelastic. 1. It is a firm skeletal tissue but is elastic
2. Matrix of bone contains 70% of mineral salts (calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate) and 30% eosin. 2. Matrix does not contain minerals sails except the calcified cartilages such a suprascapular.
3. Blood vessels are present in bone marrow. 3. Blood vessels are present in perichondrium

(b) Tendon and ligament

Tendon Ligament
1. It is connective tissue proper that is rich is white fibres. 1. It is connective tissue proper that is rich in the yellow fibres.
2. It attaches the muscles to the bones. 2. It attaches the two bones at the point of their joint.

(c) Meristematic and permanent tissue

Meristematic Tissue Permanent Tissue
1. The cells are living with thin cell walls and active cytoplasm and large nucleus. 1. The cells may or may not be living with thin or thick walls.
2. It contributes to the growth of plant. 2. They do not contribute to the growth.
3. Cells with active nucleus are mostly found in state of division. 3. The cells are not found in the division state.
4. These tissues are found only at the specific regions from where the plant growth takes place such as the apex of the stem and root. 4. They are found every where in plant body except in the meristematic regions.

(d) Cardiac muscles and striated muscles

Cardiac muscles Striated muscles
1. These are cylindrical, branched with 1. They are cylindrical, unbranched with dark bands.
2. They are uninucleated. 2. They are multinucleated.
3. They are involuntary and non tiring muscles. 3. They are voluntary and tiring muscles.
4. They are found in heart. 4. They are found attached to bones.

(e) Blood and lymph

Blood Lymph
1. It is red in colour that is found flowing in blood vessels. 1. It is yellowish colour fluid found in lymph nodes.
2. It consists of RBC, WBC and blood platelets. 2. It lacks RBC and blood platelets.
3. It plays role in oxygen transport and other functions like blood clotting. 3. It only helps to boost the body’s defense and circulate the absorbed fats.

Question 8.
What do you understand by apical dominance? Why is it exercised?
Answer:
Apical dominance refers to the dominance of apical meristem over other meristems. This in most plants delays the branching of stem. Therefore, to promote: ranching in hedge plants, a gardener cuts off the apical meristem.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Tissues

Long Answer Questions

Question 1.
What are meristematic tissues? State their characteristics with locations.
Answer:
Meristematic tissues are tissues found at the meristematic regions i.e. growing regions in plants. Their cells have active protoplasm, with small or no vacuole, no chloroplasts but a large active nucleus. The cells are compactly packed with less or no intercellular spaces. The cells are mostly involved in division to form new cells which later undergo differentiation to from different cells to add to plant growth.
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Tissues 8
Meristems on basis of its location has been classified into three types:
Apical meristem, present at the growing tips of stem and root. It contributes to vertical plant growth.
Intercalary meristem, present at the base of leaves and internodes where they contribute to the branching of stem.

Lateral meristem, present on the lateral side of stem and root in form of cambium. These meristems contribute to the growth in thickness i.e. increase in thickness or girth of stem and root.

Question 2.
State the functions of the different parenchymatous tissue.
Answer:
Parenchymatous tissue performs the following functions:

  • They mostly store and assimilate food material.
  • When in form of chlorenchyma in leaves and other green plant parts, they help in photosynthesis.
  • In aquatic plants, their cells bear large air cavities and hence, help provide the necessary buoyancy to the plant parts for floating in water.
  • They provide mechanical support also particularly the xylem parenchyma and pholem parenchyma.

Question 3.
What are vascular bundles? State their functions.
Answer:
Vascular bundles are the bundles comprising of xylem and pholem.

Xylem consist of four components: tracheids, vessel cells, xylem fibres and xylem parenchyma. Of these components, only xylem parenchyma is living the rest are the dead structures. Tracheids and vessels cells are tubular structures with a lumen to allow the transport of water and minerals from root to leaves. Their thick walls have pits too, for the lateral transport of water.
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Tissues 9
Phloem consists of four components: sieve cells, companion cells, phloem parenchyma and phloem fibres. In these components, phloem fibres are dead and are meant to provide, mechanical strength to the tissue, while the rest are living structures. However, the sieve cells are live but lack nucleus and hence, they are always present along with companion cells. These cells perform cellular activities for sieve cells. The sieve cells or sieve tubes allow the bidirectional flow of food.
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Tissues 10

Question 4.
Describe briefly the different types of epithelial tissues with their functions.
Answer:
The different types of epithelial tissues include:
(i) Squamous epithelial tissue: Their cells are thin, flattened, polygonal like the tiles of floor. They form the outer layer of skin, tongue, esophagus and the inner lining of mouth.
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Tissues 11

(ii) Cuboidal epithelial tissue: Their cells are mostly cuboidal in shape. They form the lining of kidney tubules and ducts of salivary glands. These cells provide mechanical support and if ciliated, they help in pushing the content forward such as in oviduct.
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Tissues 12

(iii) Columnar epithelial tissue: Their cells are long column or pillar like. They form the inner lining of the intestine and if ciliated, they help in movement, such as in respiratory tract, the ciliated columnar epithelial cells help in pushing the mucus upward from lungs to mouth.
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Tissues 13

(iv) Glandular epithelial tissue: Their cells are also columnar or cuboidal shape and involved in secretion of mucus and digestive enzymes and therefore are found in different body glands.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Tissues

Question 5.
Name the different types of connective tissues with their functions.
Answer:
Areolar tissue: ft is present in between the skin and underlying muscles contains different types of cells that are responsible for the formation of different fibre types i.e. collagen fibres and elastin fibres. Some cells present also synthesize heparin, an anticoagulant and histamine.

Tendon: These are white fibrous tissues which attaches the muscles to bones.

Ligament: These are yellow fibrous tissues which attaches the two bones together at the point of their joint.

Adipose tissue: This tissue underlying the skin stores excess of fats and provide insulation to the body.

Blood is fluid connective tissue that helps in circulation of nutrients, metabolic waste, gases, etc in body along with providing the immunity or defense against any infection.

Question 6.
What are the different components of blood? What are their functions?
Answer:
Blood is the fluid connective tissue that consists of blood cells found immersed in blood plasma. Blood plasma is the fluid part of blood. In blood three different cell types are found: RBC, WBC and blood platelets.
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Tissues 14
Red blood cells(RBC) are carrier of haemoglobin and therefore responsible for the transport of oxygen from lungs to body parts.

White blood cells(WBC) are either amoeboid shaped called phagocytes or large oval cells with large nucleus called lymphocytes. Phagocytes provide defense t engulfing the germs and lymphocytes provide defense by secreting antibodies: fight to invading germs.

Blood platelets are small fragments like cells that are responsible for blood coagulation after the injury.

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