{"id":16948,"date":"2021-01-11T15:46:44","date_gmt":"2021-01-11T10:16:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ncertsolutions.guru\/?p=16948"},"modified":"2021-01-11T15:47:53","modified_gmt":"2021-01-11T10:17:53","slug":"ncert-solutions-for-class-12-political-science-chapter-8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ncertsolutions.guru\/ncert-solutions-for-class-12-political-science-chapter-8\/","title":{"rendered":"NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science Chapter 8 Environment and Natural Resources"},"content":{"rendered":"

Detailed, Step-by-Step\u00a0NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science<\/a> Chapter 8 Environment and Natural Resources Questions and Answers were solved by Expert Teachers as per NCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines covering each topic in chapter to ensure complete preparation.<\/p>\n

Environment and Natural Resources NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science Chapter 8<\/h2>\n

Environment and Natural Resources Questions and Answers <\/span>Class 12 Political Science Chapter 8<\/h3>\n

Question 1.
\nWhich among the following best explains the reason for growing concerns about the environment ?
\n(A) The developed countries are concerned about protecting nature.
\n(B) Protection of the environment is vital for indigenous people and natural habitats.
\n(C) The environmental degradation caused by human activities has become pervasive and has reached a dangerous level.
\n(D) None of the above.
\nAnswer:
\n(C) The environmental degradation caused by human activities has become pervasive and has reached a dangerous level.<\/p>\n

Question 2.
\nMark Correct or Wrong against each of the following statements below that describe the Earth Summit.
\n(A) It was attended by 170 countries, thousands of NGO\u2019s and many MNCs.
\n(B) The summit was held under the aegis of the U.N.
\n(C) For the first time, global environmental issues were firmly consolidated at the political level.
\n(D) It was a summit meeting.
\nAnswer:
\n(A) True
\n(B) True
\n(C) True
\n(D) True.<\/p>\n

\"NCERT<\/p>\n

Question 3.
\nWhich among the following are True about the Global Commons ?
\n(A) The earth\u2019s atmosphere, Antarctica ocean floor and outer space are considered as part of the global commons.
\n(B) The global commons are outside the sovereign jurisdiction.
\n(C) The question of managing the global commons reflected the North-South divide.
\n(D) The countries of the North are more concerned about the protection of the global common than the countries of the South.
\nAnswer:
\n(A) The earth\u2019s atmosphere, Antarctica ocean floor and outer space are considered as part of the global commons.<\/p>\n

Question 4.
\nWhat was the outcome of the Rio Summit ?
\nOr
\nWhat was the \u2018Earth Summit\u2019 ? How : . far did the summit prove to be useful ? Explain. (C.B.S.E. 2016) :
\nAnswer:
\nIn June 1992, the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development was held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, It is also called the Earth Summit. The conference was attended by 170 countries and thousands of NGO\u2019s and Multi-National Corporations. After a lot of discussion in the Rio Summit, many conventions were produced dealing with climate change, bio-diversity, forestry, etc. It also recommended a list of developments practices under the title Agenda 21.<\/p>\n

In the Rio Summit, there was a consensus on combining economic growth with ecological responsibility. This approach is known as sustainable development. The United Nations Framework Convention on climate change 1992 provided that all the nations should cooperate to protect the environment.<\/p>\n

Question 5.
\nWhat is meant by the Global Commons ? How are they exploited and polluted ?
\nOr
\nWhat are \u2018Global Commons\u2019? Why is : it said that international co-operation over the Global Commons is not easy ? (C.B.S.E. 2016)
\nOr
\nWhat is meant by Common Property Resources ? Explain with example ? (C.B.S.E. 2014)
\nAnswer:
\nGlobal Commons are those areas, objects or resources of the world which are not part of the exclusive jurisdiction of any one state. Examples of Global Commons are earth\u2019s atmosphere, the ocean floor, air space, outer space, Antarctica. Global Commons are also called world heritage because they are passed on by the present generation to the next generation and so on. Global environment is also a Global Common and world heritage.<\/p>\n

Cooperation over the Global Common is very difficult due to lack of consensus on commons environmental agendas. Generally countries use Global Commons ruthlessly and never think of their obligations to protect it also. For example, Commercial ships, war ships, passenger ships, boat\u2019s, etc. freely use sea water and sealine communications.<\/p>\n

Sea water is polluted by these ships because these are driven by diesel power. Moreover, developed countries dumped their waste in the sea. People living on the banks of rivers also throw their waste in rivers. Developed and nuclear countries pollute the environment by their nuclear experiments.<\/p>\n

\"NCERT<\/p>\n

Question 6.
\nWhat is meant by Common but ; differentiated responsibilites ? How could we implement the idea ?
\nOr
\n\u201cStates have common but differentiated responsibilities towards environment.\u201d Analyse the statement giving suitable examples. (C.B.S.E. 2013)
\nAnswer:
\nThe relevant part of the Rio Declaration says that States shall cooperate in the spirit of global partnership to conserve, protect and restore the health and integrity of the Earth\u2019s ecosystem. In view of the different contributions of global environment degradation, states have common but differentiated responsibilities.<\/p>\n

The developed countries accepted the responsibility that they bear in the international pursuit of sustainable development in view of the pressure their societies place on the global environment and of the technological and financial resources they command.\u201d The largest share of historical and current global emissions has originated in developed countries. Per capita emissions in developing coutries are still relatively low.<\/p>\n

Hence India, China and other developing countries ere exempted from the requirements of the Kyoto Protocol. Under Kyoto Protocol industrial countries are required to cut their green house gas emissions. Following the principle of common but differentiated responsibility India is of the view that major responsibilities of curbing emission rests with the developed countries which have accumulated emissions over a long period of time.<\/p>\n

Question 7.
\nWhy have issues related to global environment protection become the priority concern of states since the 1990 ?
\nAnswer:
\nThe issues related to global environment protection have become the priority concern of states since 1990 due to following reasons :<\/p>\n