{"id":16986,"date":"2021-01-12T10:10:44","date_gmt":"2021-01-12T04:40:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ncertsolutions.guru\/?p=16986"},"modified":"2021-01-12T10:10:44","modified_gmt":"2021-01-12T04:40:44","slug":"ncert-solutions-for-class-12-political-science-chapter-16","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ncertsolutions.guru\/ncert-solutions-for-class-12-political-science-chapter-16\/","title":{"rendered":"NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science Chapter 16 Rise of Popular Movements"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Detailed, Step-by-Step\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ncertsolutions.guru\/ncert-solutions-for-class-12-political-science\/\">NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science<\/a> Chapter 16 Rise of Popular Movements Questions and Answers were solved by Expert Teachers as per NCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines covering each topic in chapter to ensure complete preparation.<\/p>\n<h2>Rise of Popular Movements NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science Chapter 16<\/h2>\n<h3><span id=\"Class_6_Science_Chapter_1_Food_Where_does_it_Come_From_Exercise_Questions_and_Answers\">Rise of Popular Movements Questions and Answers <\/span>Class 12 Political Science Chapter 16<\/h3>\n<p>Question 1.<br \/>\nWhich of these statements are incorrect ?<br \/>\nThe Chipko Movement :<br \/>\n(a) was an environmental movement to prevent cutting down of trees.<br \/>\n(b) raised questions of ecological and economic exploitations.<br \/>\n(c) was a movement against alcoholism started by the women.<br \/>\n(d) demanded that local communities should have control over their natural resources.<br \/>\nAnswer:<br \/>\n(c) was a movement against alcoholism started by the women.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/ncertsolutions.guru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/NCERT-Solutions-Guru.png?resize=170%2C17&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science Chapter 14 Challenges to and Restoration of Congress System\" width=\"170\" height=\"17\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Question 2.<br \/>\nSome of the statements below are incorrect. Identify the incorrect statements and rewrite those with necessary correction.<br \/>\n(a) Social movements are hampering the functioning of India\u2019s democracy.<br \/>\n(b) The main strength of social movements lies in their mass base across social sections.<br \/>\n(c) Social movements in India emerged because there were many issues that political parties did not address.<br \/>\nAnswer:<br \/>\n(a) Social movements are not hampering the functioning of India\u2019s democracy.<br \/>\n(b) The main strength of social movements lies in their mass in base across social sections.<br \/>\n(c) There were many issues emerged in India because political parties did not address the social movements.<\/p>\n<p>Question 3.<br \/>\nIdentify the reasons which led to the Chipko Movement in U.P. in early 1970s? What was the impact of this movement ? {Imp.)<br \/>\nAnswer:<br \/>\nChipko Movement shows that tribals are mostly dependent upon forest products for their primary needs and survival. But the forest policies and management are blind to the needs of the common people. Chipko Movement began in two or three villages of Uttarakhand when the forest department refused permission to the villages to fall ash trees for making agricultural tools. The forest department allotted the same piece of land to some sports contractor for commercial use. Thus, the villagers protested against this decision of the government.<\/p>\n<p>Chipko Movement (1947-77), hugging trees to prevent them from being cut down, linked the issue of environmental degradation of women\u2019s increasing toil for fuel and fodder. This movement was started under the leadership of Chandi Prasad Bhatt and Sunderlal Bahuguna.<\/p>\n<p>Major Issues Related to Chipko Movement.<\/p>\n<p>Major demands or major issues of the Chipko Movement are as follows:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Natural resources such as land, water, forests, etc., should be under the control of local communities.<\/li>\n<li>Forest contracts should be given to the local people and not to the outsiders.<\/li>\n<li>Minimum wages of the workers working in forests should be fixed.<\/li>\n<li>Low cost material should be provided to small- scale industries.<\/li>\n<li>Women asked the government to enforce prohibition.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/ncertsolutions.guru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/NCERT-Solutions-Guru.png?resize=170%2C17&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science Chapter 14 Challenges to and Restoration of Congress System\" width=\"170\" height=\"17\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Significance of Chipko Movement.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>This movement to \u2018hug trees\u2019 was one of the first grassroot environment movements, which attracted national and international attention.<\/li>\n<li>Chipko Movement was not only a movement to save environment but it is also seen as a \u2018feminist movement\u2019 not only because of the active participation of women but also because deforestation was seen as affecting women\u2019s life in the hills in their search for fuel and fodder.<\/li>\n<li>Chipko Movement was not only a movement to save environment but it had a larger social base. Women protested against drinking habit of men.<\/li>\n<li>The government issued a ban on felling of trees in the Himalayan region for fifteen years.<\/li>\n<li>Chipko movement created awareness among the women of hilly region as women became aware about their rights.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Question 4.<br \/>\nThe Bharatiya Kisan Union is a leading organisation highlighting the plight of farmers. What were the issues addressed by it in the nineties and to what extent were they successful? Describe any six factors which made the farmer\u2019s movements run by Bharatiya Kisan Union as the most successful popular movement. (C.B.S.E. 2016)<br \/>\nOr<br \/>\nExamine the emergence, demands and success of BKU as one of the leading popular movement of India. (C.B.S.E. Sample Paper 2018)<br \/>\nAnswer:<br \/>\nThough India is an Agricultural country yet the farmer\u2019s associations came into existence quite later than trade unions, and even now their organisation are not that active and powerful. In 1977 Chaudhary Charan Singh tried to organise farmers. The Bjaratiya Kisan Union was established in 1980. It is mainly active in Punjab and Western U.P. The Bharatiya Kisan Union is a leading organisation highlighting the plight of farmers.<\/p>\n<p>In 1987 the BKU emerged as a spontaneous movement against increase in electricity tariff imposed by U.P. government. They sat for Dharna in front of DM\u2019s office, brought out processions and also held demonstrations. The farmers rallied behind Tikait and withheld of electricity bills for seven years. The state failed to take any action against the farmers for non-payment of bills because the farmers were fully involved in the movement. This movement was against the state and not against the landlords.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/ncertsolutions.guru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/NCERT-Solutions-Guru.png?resize=170%2C17&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science Chapter 14 Challenges to and Restoration of Congress System\" width=\"170\" height=\"17\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The B.K.U. Raised many economic issues.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>It demanded ending zonal restrictions on movement of foodgrains.<\/li>\n<li>Electricity rates should be reduces.<\/li>\n<li>Price of Sugarcane and Milk should be raised.<\/li>\n<li>It demanded writing off government levies payable by farmers of Punjab for provision of canals.<\/li>\n<li>Adequate compensation in case of natural disaster.<\/li>\n<li>The government should take the responsibility for selling the produce.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Many demands of the BKU were accepted by the government. In most of the cases government made concessions. The Bharatiya Kisan Union also familiarized the farmers with latest farming techniques, equipments, methods etc. It inspired farmers to start small-scale agro-industries. Right from the beginning the BKU remained away from party politics and it did not align itself with any political party. Thus BKU is non-political, secular, non-violent organisation.<\/p>\n<p>Question 5.<br \/>\nThe anti-arrack movement in Andhra Pradesh drew the atttention of the country to some serious issues. What were these issues ?<br \/>\nAnswer:<br \/>\nIn Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh men in the villages were habitual of taking alcohol i.e. arrack. The habit of alcoholism was ruining the health of the people. Moreover, financial conditions of the families were also ruined. Women and childern were the worst sufferers of these ill-effects of alcohol. Women in Nellore district came together and they started anti arrack movement. Many wine shops were closed in Nellore.<\/p>\n<p>The arrack auctions in Nellore district were postponed 17 times. This movement in Nellore district gradually spread all over the state. In 1992 women took out a big procession in Hyderabad to mark protest against the sale of arrack. The slogan of anti-arrack movement was \u2018Prohibition on the sale of arrack.\u2019 Anti-arrack movement of Andhra Pradesh draws the attention of the country to some serious issues such as domestic violence, custom of dowry, sexual abuse at work and public places etc.<\/p>\n<p>Question 6.<br \/>\nWould you consider the anti-arrack movement as a women\u2019s movement ? Why ?<br \/>\nOr<br \/>\nDescribe the issues associated with the anti-arrack movements in Andhra Pradesh which drew the attention of the entire country. (Imp.) (C.B.S.E. 2016)<br \/>\nAnswer:<br \/>\nAnti-arrack movement in Andhra Pradesh was definitely a movement of women. In Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh women came together in spontaneous local initiatives to protest against arrack (Local alcohol) and forced closure of wine shop.The news spread very fast and women of about 5000 villages got inspired and met together in meetings, passed resolution for complete prohibition and sent these resolutions to the District Collector and Higher autorities.<\/p>\n<p>Due to women\u2019s protests, the arrack auctions in Nellore district were postponed 17 times. In 1992 women took out a big procession in Hyderabad to protest against the sale of \u2018arrack\u2019. Women also raised the issue of domestic violence : Anti-arrack movement became a part of the women\u2019s movement.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/ncertsolutions.guru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/NCERT-Solutions-Guru.png?resize=170%2C17&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science Chapter 14 Challenges to and Restoration of Congress System\" width=\"170\" height=\"17\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Question 7.<br \/>\nWhy did the Narmada Bachao Aandolan oppose the dam projects in the Narmada Valley ?<br \/>\nOr<br \/>\nWhat is Sardar Sarovar Project ? Which benefits are expected to be if the project becomes successful ? Also state the issues of relocation and rehabilitation associated with it. (C.B.S.E. 2016)<br \/>\nAnswer:<br \/>\nIn early eighties development project was launched in the Narmada Valley of Central India. The project consisted of 30 big dams, 135 medium sized and about 3000 small dams to be constructed on the Narmanda. Sardar Sarovar Project in Gujarat and Narmada Sagar project in Madhaya Pradesh were very big and important projects. Narmada Bachao Aandolan was started in 1988-89. Narmada Bachao Aandolan opposes the dam projects bacause the constructions of the dam needed 245 villages to get submerged. It also required about two and a half lakh people from these villages.<\/p>\n<p>The movement demanded that the people who are affected directly or indirectly by the projects should be properly rehabilitated. The NBA also demanded participation of local people in decision-making and should also have effective control over natural resources like water, land and forests. Ultimately the government and the judiciary accepted the right to rehabilitation. A compahensive National Rehabilitation Policy formed by the government in 2003.<\/p>\n<p>Question 8.<br \/>\nDo movements and protest in a country strengthen democracy ? Justify your answer with examples.<br \/>\nOr<br \/>\nHow have popular movements contributed to the expansion of democracy rather than causing disruption ? (C.B.S.E. 2012)<br \/>\nAnswer:<br \/>\nIn the whole world movements and protests are considered a part of democratic system. In fact movements and protests in a peaceful manner strengthen the democratic system. But some critics of movements and protests are of view that collective action i.e. Strikes, Dharna, Bandh and Demonstration etc. disrupt the functioning of the government, delay in decision-making and destablize the routines of democratic system.<\/p>\n<p>But such a view raised one important question. Why do these movements and protests resort to such assertive terms of action ? Effective representation to different groups and their demands are ensured by popular movements and protests. Involvement of different groups in popular movements have broadened the participation of masses in democratic system.<\/p>\n<p>The study of popular movements are very helpful in understanding the nature of democratic politics. Non-party movements dare neither sporadic in nature nor are these a problem. These movements have proved very helpful in solving some problems of party- politics and thus these movements should be seen as an integral part of our democratic life.<\/p>\n<p>Generally in these movements poor workers, farmers and economically and socially backward sections of the society participate. These people have no voice in routine working of democracy. Hence their grievances and voice have some say through these movements.<\/p>\n<p>In the interest of masses democratic politics requires a broad alliance of different disadvantaged social groups. But under leadership of these movements such and alliance is not developing. Political Parties are required to play effective role in bringing different social groups together under common leadership. But in reality political parties are not playing proper and effective role because the relationship betwen popular movements and political parties has grown weaker over the years. At present it is one big problem of Indian politics.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/ncertsolutions.guru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/NCERT-Solutions-Guru.png?resize=170%2C17&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science Chapter 14 Challenges to and Restoration of Congress System\" width=\"170\" height=\"17\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Question 9.<br \/>\nWhat issues did the Dalit Panthers Address ?<br \/>\nOr<br \/>\nWho were Dalit Panthers ? Describe their main activities. (C.B.S.E. 2016)<br \/>\nAnswer:<br \/>\nIn Indian society Dalit has become against casteism. Here the word \u2018Dalit\u2019 clearly indicates for backward and lower castes, whereas the fact is that no particular caste or class is included in Dalit class. All backward classes, Scheduled castes and Scheduled tribes are included in Dalit.<\/p>\n<p>In the 20th century Mahatma Gandhi worked in the colonies of \u2018Harijans\u2019 to improve the social, economic and political conditions of the Dalit. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar played a very important role for the improvemrnt of the Dalits. When in 1971 Indian Republican Party was disintegrating in Maharashtra, another organisation called Dalit Panther emerged over there under the leadership of Raja Dhale and Namdev Dhasal.<\/p>\n<p>Dalit Panthers was a militant organisation of educated Dalit youths. Babu Rao Bagul, E.P. Soukamble gave direction to dalit policies through their poems, literature and biographers. Dalit Panthers openly challenged casteism and Brahmanism. Following reasons were responsible for the rise of Dalit Panthers Movement :<\/p>\n<p>1. Social and economic reasons are responsible for the rise of Dalit Panthers, movement.<br \/>\nAccording to Abhaya Dubey, Dalit Panthers movement was inspired by Dalit literature that demanded Dalit rights.<br \/>\nThe rising unemployment in Maharashtra was another reason for the origin of Dalit Panthers. Main reason of the rise of Dalit Panthers was increasing atrocities on the dalits.<\/p>\n<p>Dalit Panthers were convinced that no political party was a genuine champion of the dalits as they remained either indifferent to their problems or adopted postures to get dalit votes.<br \/>\nPolicy and Programmers of Dalit Panthers. Dalit panthers raised the following issues for the welfare of Dalit.<\/p>\n<p>1. The \u2018Panther\u2019 aim was to unite the Dalit and to bring them into their fold.<\/p>\n<p>2. According to the manifesto of Dalit Panthers, \u2018Dalit\u2019 word includes scheduled castes and tribes, new Buddhists, economically backward workers, women, landless, poor peasants and all those persons who were being exploitated.<\/p>\n<p>3. Accoding to Dalit Panthers manifesto main problems of Dalit are lack of food water, shelter, jobs, land and their unequal social status and atrocities on them.<\/p>\n<p>4. According to Dalit Panthers their problem could be solved by acquiring economic and political power.<\/p>\n<p>5. The liberation of scheduled caste is possible only with a basic change in the system through a revolution.<\/p>\n<p>6. The Dalit Panthers opposed the anti-dalit policies of the government.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/ncertsolutions.guru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/NCERT-Solutions-Guru.png?resize=170%2C17&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science Chapter 14 Challenges to and Restoration of Congress System\" width=\"170\" height=\"17\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/p>\n<p>7. Namdev and Dhale formulated a programme for the betterment of dalits in February 1974 and this programme is known as \u2018class struggle\u2019.<\/p>\n<p>8. Dalit Panthers described Shiv Sena as fasist Hindu organisation.<\/p>\n<p>9. Dalit Panthers had concentrated on the problems of the dalit women, land disputes and retaliating the Shiv Sena activities.<\/p>\n<p>10. Dalit Panthers demanded Dalitasten. It was a demand for separate village settlements of Dalits, where there could be no exploitation by superior people.<\/p>\n<p>11. Dalit Panthers have full faith in Constitutional methods.<br \/>\nConclusion. No doubt Dalit Panthers played very important role for the betterment of Dalit in Maharashtra. But Dalit Panthers did not succeed in achieving their aims because Dalit Panthers disintegrated in a short period. Some leaders left the Dalit Panthers and joined left movement and some leaders joined Congress.<\/p>\n<p>Question 10.<br \/>\nRead the passage and answer questions below :<\/p>\n<p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230; nearly all\u2019 new social movements have emerged as corrective to new maladies &#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230; environmental degradation, violation of the status of women, destruction of tribal cultures and the &#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;. undermining of human rights none of which are in and by themselves transformative of the social order . They are in that way quite different from revolutionary ideologies of the past. But their weakness lies in their being so heavily fragmented &#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;. a large part of the space occupied by the new social movements seen to be suffering from &#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230; various characteristics which have prevented them from being relevant to the truly oppressed and the poor in the form of a solid unified movement of the people. They are too fragmented, reactive and hocish, providing no comprehensive framework of basic social change. Their being anti this or that (anti-west, anti-capitalist, anti-development, etc.) does not make them any more coherent any more relevant to oppressed and peripheralized community &#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230; Rajni Kothari.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/ncertsolutions.guru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/NCERT-Solutions-Guru.png?resize=170%2C17&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science Chapter 14 Challenges to and Restoration of Congress System\" width=\"170\" height=\"17\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/p>\n<p>(a) What is the difference between new social movements and revolutionary ideologies ?<br \/>\n(b) What according to the author are the limitations of social movements ?<br \/>\n(c) If social movements address specific issues, would you say that they are fragmented or that they are more focused ? Give reasons for your answer by giving examples.<br \/>\nAnswer:<br \/>\n(a) Almost all new social movements have emerged as corrective to new maladies i.e. environmental degradation, violation of the status of women, destruction of tribal culture and undermining of human rights\u2014none of which are in and by<br \/>\nthemselves transformation of the social order. They are in that way quite different from revolutionary ideologies of the past.<\/p>\n<p>(b) Social movements seem to be suffering from various characteristics which have prevented them from being relevant to the truly opperessed and the poor in the form of a solid unified movement of the people.<\/p>\n<p>(c) If social movements address specific issues, they are fragmented because they are providing no comprehensive framework of basic social change.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Detailed, Step-by-Step\u00a0NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science Chapter 16 Rise of Popular Movements Questions and Answers were solved by Expert Teachers as per NCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines covering each topic in chapter to ensure complete preparation. Rise of Popular Movements NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science Chapter 16 Rise of Popular Movements Questions &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/ncertsolutions.guru\/ncert-solutions-for-class-12-political-science-chapter-16\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science Chapter 16 Rise of Popular Movements<\/span> Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v16.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science Chapter 16 Rise of Popular Movements - NCERT Solutions<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ncertsolutions.guru\/ncert-solutions-for-class-12-political-science-chapter-16\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science Chapter 16 Rise of Popular Movements - NCERT Solutions\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Detailed, Step-by-Step\u00a0NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science Chapter 16 Rise of Popular Movements Questions and Answers were solved by Expert Teachers as per NCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines covering each topic in chapter to ensure complete preparation. 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