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Indian Economy on the Eve of Independence Class 12 MCQs Questions with Answers
Choose the correct alternative.
Question 1.
In the history of demographic transition, which year is regarded as the year of the great divide?
(a) 1901
(b) 1902
(c) 1921
(d) 1923
Answer
Answer: (c) 1921
Question 2.
When were the railways Introduced in India?
(a) 1769
(b) 1825
(c) 1850
(d) 1875
Answer
Answer: (c) 1850
Question 3.
The first census data was collected during British rule.
(a) 1891
(b) 1881
(c) 1950
(d) 1850
Answer
Answer: (b) 1881
Question 4.
At the time of independence, most of the land was owned by _________
(a) farmers
(b) zamindars
(c) labour
(d) all of these
Answer
Answer: (b) zamindars
Question 5.
What was the life expectancy in India during the British rule?
(a) 65
(b) 38
(c) 32
(d) 44
Answer
Answer: (d) 44
Question 6.
During colonial period India’s demographic profile showed ________
(a) high birth rate
(b) low death rate
(c) low infant mortality rate
(d) high literacy rate
Answer
Answer: (a) high birth rate
Question 7.
Indian economy on the eve of Independence was ________
(a) underdeveloped
(b) developing
(c) stagnant
(d) semi-feudal
Answer
Answer: (a) underdeveloped
Question 8.
Suez Canal was opened for transport in _________
(a) 1850
(b) 1853
(c) 1869
(d) 1901
Answer
Answer: (c) 1869
Question 9.
Who made significant estimates about calculating national income in India during the British period?
(a) V.K.R.V. Rao
(b) Dadabhai Naoroji
(c) Findlay Shirras
(d) William Digby
Answer
Answer: (a) V.K.R.V. Rao
Fill in the blanks with the correct word.
Question 10.
The country’s growth of aggregate real output was less than _____ during the first half of the twentieth century.
Answer
Answer: two percent
Question 11.
The Indian economy was a/an _______ economy at the time of Independence.
Answer
Answer: agrarian
Question 12.
_______ of agriculture increased the burden of revenue on farmers.
Answer
Answer: Commercialisation
Question 13.
The distribution of the working population in different sectors of the economy offers a glimpse of ______ structure.
Answer
Answer: occupational
Question 14.
The second stage of demographic transition began after ________ in India.
Answer
Answer: 1921
Question 15.
Indian economy served as a source of ______ for the British industry and a market for its finished goods.
Answer
Answer: raw material
Question 16.
_______ were developed by the British Raj as a means to enlarge the size of the market for the British goods.
Answer
Answer: Railways
Question 17.
The British introduced the railways in India in __________
Answer
Answer: 1850
Question 18.
The ________ sector accounted for only 17.2 percent of the working population on the eve of Independence.
Answer
Answer: tertiary/service
Question 19.
India’s first official census was undertaken in _________
Answer
Answer: 1881
State whether the following statements are True or False.
Question 20.
India was a prosperous and wealthy economy prior to the advent of British rule.
Answer
Answer: True
Question 21.
The colonial rule destroyed India’s traditional handicraft industry.
Answer
Answer: True
Question 22.
The economic policies pursued by the colonial government in India were concerned more with the protection and promotion of the economic interests of India.
Answer
Answer: False
Question 23.
India was reduced to an importer of primary products.
Answer
Answer: False
Question 24.
The contribution of the new industrial sector to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) expanded significantly during the British rule.
Answer
Answer: False
Question 25.
The aim of developing postal and telegraph was to enhance the efficiency of the British administration.
Answer
Answer: True
Match the alternatives given in Column II with respective terms in Column I.
Question 26.
| Column I | Column II |
| (i) The year of the Great Divide | (a) 1850 |
| (ii) British introduced railways in India | (b) 1912 |
| (iii) Overall literacy on the eve of Independence | (c) 1869 |
| (iv) Female literacy on the eve of Independence | (d) 16 percent |
| (v) TISCO plant began production | (e) 7 percent |
| (vi) The Suez Canal opened | (f) 1921 |
Answer
Answer:
| Column I | Column II |
| (i) The year of the Great Divide | (f) 1921 |
| (ii) British introduced railways in India | (a) 1850 |
| (iii) Overall literacy on the eve of Independence | (d) 16 percent |
| (iv) Female literacy on the eve of Independence | (e) 7 percent |
| (v) TISCO plant began production | (b) 1912 |
| (vi) The Suez Canal opened | (c) 1869 |
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